Capacidad de pensamiento crítico e independencia en el aprendizaje: predictores del rendimiento académico en Educación Física
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v71.110391Palabras clave:
habilidades de pensamiento crítico, independencia en el aprendizaje, rendimiento académico en Educación FísicaResumen
Introducción: La capacidad académica es un factor determinante en el éxito estudiantil, especialmente en el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico. Los estudiantes con buen rendimiento académico suelen ser más competentes en la formulación de ideas y en la resolución lógica de problemas. En la asignatura de Educación Física, estas habilidades cognitivas y afectivas son esenciales para el logro académico.
Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la relación entre las habilidades de pensamiento crítico y la independencia en el aprendizaje con el rendimiento académico en Educación Física.
Metodología: Este estudio es de tipo correlacional. La población estuvo compuesta por 128 estudiantes de grado XI (72 hombres y 56 mujeres, edad 14–15 años) del Colegio Secundario 1 de Pleret. Se utilizaron cuestionarios tipo Likert para medir el pensamiento crítico y la independencia en el aprendizaje. El rendimiento académico se evaluó mediante las calificaciones en Educación Física. Se utilizó el software SPSS versión 21 con un nivel de significancia de p < 0.05.
Discusión: Los resultados muestran que tanto el pensamiento crítico (p = 0.000) como la independencia en el aprendizaje (p = 0.001) influyen significativamente en el rendimiento académico en Educación Física. Ambas variables explican el 45.60% de la varianza.
Conclusiones: El pensamiento crítico y la independencia en el aprendizaje son factores importantes en el rendimiento académico en Educación Física. Se recomienda integrarlos en el diseño didáctico para fomentar una participación activa y el desarrollo de competencias cognitivas responsables.
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