Instrumentos de medida na avaliação da imagem corporal no contexto da dança: uma revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v64.110431Palavras-chave:
Imagem corporal, perceção corporal, satisfação corporal, dança, instrumentosResumo
Introdução: A imagem corporal é a representação mental que um indivíduo faz do seu corpo. No contexto da dança, a estética é um fator relevante, assim como a imagem corporal. Objectivo: O objectivo desta revisão sistemática foi identificar quais os instrumentos de medida mais utilizados para avaliar a imagem corporal no contexto da dança, analisá-los e concluir quais os mais adequados nesta área. Metodologia: Seguindo a checklist PRISMA, foram recuperados artigos publicados nas bases de dados Web of Science, Scopus e PubMed até 7 de março de 2023. Estudos primários publicados em qualquer língua em que a imagem corporal tenha sido avaliada em adultos a dançar. Resultados: Foram incluídos 88 estudos. Nos estudos qualitativos, as entrevistas em profundidade foram o instrumento mais utilizado. Nos estudos quantitativos foram identificadas mais de trinta escalas, mas apenas dezassete delas foram utilizadas em pelo menos dois estudos, incluindo escalas de silhuetas e questionários. A escala Stunkard foi a mais utilizada. Discussão: Verificou-se que apenas duas escalas foram elaboradas especificamente para bailarinos e nenhuma delas é frequentemente utilizada na literatura. Conclusões: a escala de Stunkard, as entrevistas em profundidade, a Escala de Apreciação Corporal e o Questionário de Forma Corporal são os instrumentos mais utilizados para a avaliação da imagem corporal em pessoas que dançam. Os métodos qualitativos oferecem informação relevante para a compreensão e exploração da imagem corporal. Os métodos quantitativos são também úteis, embora as escalas de silhuetas ofereçam uma visão binária dos corpos e dos géneros e devam ser reavaliadas.
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