Efectos del karate en la función cognitiva, física y bienestar emocional de adultos mayores de 60 años: una revisión sistemática

Autores/as

  • María Pía Salazar Moreno Universidad Mayor
  • Sandra Mahecha Matsudo Universidad Mayor

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v72.112897

Palabras clave:

arte marcial, bienestar emocional, equilibrio dinamico, cognicion, salud personas mayores

Resumen

Introducción: El envejecimiento es parte del ciclo vital de los seres humanos, conllevando a cambios físicos, sociales y psicológicos. Las artes marciales han reportado beneficios en la salud física y mental de personas mayores.

Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia sobre los efectos del karate en la función cognitiva, función física y bienestar emocional de personas mayores de 60 años.

Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática con las bases de datos Medline (via Pubmed), Web of Science, Sportdiscus, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine Source, con ensayos controlados aleatorizados y no aleatorizados publicados en inglés y español entre el 2010 y 2024. Se encontraron 491 artículos, donde solo 6 cumplieron con los criterios de utilizar la práctica del karate como intervención en personas mayores sanas. La calidad metodológica de los estudios fue analizada con la escala Testex.

Resultados: Los estudios realizaron intervenciones de práctica de karate de 8 a 40 semanas, con frecuencia de 1 o 2 veces a la semana y 60 minutos de duración. La mayoría reportó mejoras en bienestar emocional, reactividad motora, velocidad de procesamiento cognitivo, memoria, atención dividida, funciones ejecutivas, mejoras en velocidad y tiempo de paso en la marcha, y equilibrio dinámico.

Conclusiones: La práctica regular de karate en adultos mayores de 60 años saludables tuvo efectos beneficiosos en función cognitiva, bienestar emocional y función física.

 

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Publicado

16-09-2025

Número

Sección

Revisiones teóricas sistemáticas y/o metaanálisis

Cómo citar

Salazar Moreno, M. P., & Mahecha Matsudo, S. (2025). Efectos del karate en la función cognitiva, física y bienestar emocional de adultos mayores de 60 años: una revisión sistemática. Retos, 72, 346-358. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v72.112897