¿Afectan los ejercicios aeróbicos y anaeróbicos de manera diferente a los biomarcadores musculares y hepáticos en hombres adultos jóvenes?

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v68.112914

Palabras clave:

Ejercicio aeróbico , ejercicio anaeróbico, lesión muscular, prueba de función hepática, biomarcadores

Resumen

Introducción: El ejercicio, a pesar de sus beneficios bien establecidos, puede provocar varios efectos adversos, incluidas lesiones musculares y elevaciones significativas de las enzimas hepáticas.

Objetivo: Este estudio investigó los efectos del ejercicio aeróbico y anaeróbico sobre biomarcadores séricos de lesión muscular (lactato, LDH, CK) y función hepática (ALT, AST).

Metodologia: Dieciocho hombres adultos jóvenes sanos fueron asignados aleatoriamente a un programa de ejercicio aeróbico (n=9) o anaeróbico (n=9) de 4 semanas. Se recolectaron muestras de sangre antes y después de la intervención para medir los biomarcadores mencionados.

Resultados: Tanto el ejercicio aeróbico (p=0,028) como el anaeróbico (p=0,027) aumentaron significativamente la LDH. El lactato no cambió significativamente. La CK disminuyó significativamente tras ejercicio aeróbico (p=0,003), pero no tras anaeróbico (p=0,231). No hubo cambios significativos en ALT/AST.

Discusión: El aumento observado de LDH concuerda con la literatura existente, mientras que la respuesta contrastante de CK (disminución tras ejercicio aeróbico, sin cambios tras ejercicio anaeróbico) destaca diferentes impactos sobre la integridad muscular. En consonancia con investigaciones previas, no se observaron cambios significativos en las enzimas hepáticas (ALT/AST), lo que sugiere la ausencia de estrés hepático inducido por el ejercicio.

Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos revelan efectos distintos del ejercicio aeróbico y anaeróbico sobre los biomarcadores musculares, y solo el ejercicio aeróbico disminuyó significativamente los niveles de CK, mientras que ambos afectaron la LDH. Es importante destacar que no se observó evidencia de estrés hepático inducido por el ejercicio según los niveles de ALT/AST.

Biografía del autor/a

Ika Yustisia, Hasanuddin University

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia

Master Program in Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia

Novi Silvia Hardiany, Universitas Indonesia

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia

Center of Hypoxia and Oxidative Stress Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia

Eddy Purnomo, Yogyakarta State University

Department of Physical Education, Health and Recreation, Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Yogyakarta State University

Syarifah Dewi, Universitas Indonesia

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia

Center of Hypoxia and Oxidative Stress Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia

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Publicado

2025-06-24

Cómo citar

Yustisia, I., Hardiany, N. S., Purnomo, E., & Dewi, S. (2025). ¿Afectan los ejercicios aeróbicos y anaeróbicos de manera diferente a los biomarcadores musculares y hepáticos en hombres adultos jóvenes?. Retos, 68, 1989–1996. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v68.112914

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas