Programas de entrenamiento de la fuerza aplicados en Educación Física en estudiantes de 12 a 18 años. Una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v71.116038Palabras clave:
Adolescente, Educación Física, Entrenamiento fuerza, Fuerza Muscular, Programa EscolarResumen
Introdução: Este trabalho de revisão sistemática tem como objetivo analisar a eficácia de programas de treino (TR = Treino Resistido) implementados no plano curricular de Educação Física Escolar (EFE) para melhorar o treino muscular em adolescentes. Também investigámos a existência de estudos que demonstraram programas de TR significativamente melhores e com maior duração (15-20 minutos).
Metodologia: Trata-se de uma coleção exaustiva de bases de dados da Web of Science, PubMed e Scopus, publicadas em 2020 até dezembro de 2024. Os critérios de inclusão serão estudos experimentais selecionados que serão contactados por um grupo de controlo e um grupo de intervenção que receberá um programa de investigação. EFE, medindo a variável força como principal resultado.
Resultados: Incluiremos outros artigos na revisão. Em todos os estudos analisados, os programas de TR são implementados com diversos métodos e exercícios, incluindo treino em suspensão, lançamentos, saltos e exercícios com pesos livres. Os resultados destes estudos indicaram melhores resultados dos métodos de intervenção nos grupos de intervenção em comparação com os grupos de controlo.
Discussão: Hallazgos contrasta com outras revisões e trabalhos anteriores, e também reporta melhores resultados futuros em adolescentes, com variações nos tipos e na duração dos programas e sessões.
Conclusões: Os programas de TR aplicados durante as aulas de EFE são eficazes no aumento da força muscular em adolescentes. Além disso, as evidências sugerem que a inclusão de programas de intervenção de curta duração, de aproximadamente 15 a 20 minutos, pode gerar aumentos significativos da força muscular neste grupo populacional.
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