Protocolo metodológico de la carrera en cinta mediante IMU en personas sanas. Revisión de alcance

Autores/as

  • Raúl Cejudo-Alba University of Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya (Spain). https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9022-0136
  • Xantal Borràs-Boix Sport Exercise and Human Movement Research Group. Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya (Spain). https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9348-0469
  • Javier Martínez-Gramage Department of Physiotherapy, Universidad Cardenal Herrera - CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia (Spain).

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v73.116214

Palabras clave:

Biomecánica, carrera, cinemática, dispositivo portátil, prueba en cinta rodante

Resumen

Introducción: Correr es una actividad popular y accesible con beneficios para la salud, aunque con riesgo de lesiones musculoesqueléticas. El análisis biomecánico permite identificar factores de riesgo y orientar la prevención. Las unidades de medida inercial (IMU) han potenciado la evaluación de la técnica de carrera.

Objetivo: Este estudio tubo cómo objetivo revisar el protocolo metodológico empleado en el análisis cinemático de la carrera a pie de corredores recreacionales utilizando unidades de medición inercial en cinta rodante y en personas sanos

Metodología: Se siguieron las guías PRISMA-ScR. La búsqueda se realizó en Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, SportDiscus y SafeJournal. Se incluyeron estudios descriptivos, de fiabilidad, validez e intervención con IMU en personas sanas. La calidad metodológica se evaluó con el índice de Downs & Black modificado y con el coeficiente Kappa de Cohen.

Resultados: De 6.169 registros, 30 estudios cumplieron los criterios. Se analizaron 31 dispositivos con frecuencias entre 1600 Hz y 1 Hz. La tibia fue la localización más frecuente. La muestra total incluyó 553 hombres (66,2 %) y 282 mujeres (33,8 %). Los parámetros más estudiados fueron aceleración, velocidad angular y variables espaciotemporales como cadencia y tiempo de contacto.

Conclusiones: Las IMU en cinta rodante son válidas para medir parámetros cinemáticos y aportar información sobre técnica y rendimiento. La colocación de sensores condiciona la precisión. Las limitaciones fueron la baja representación femenina, el predominio de corredores recreativos y las velocidades reducidas. Futuras investigaciones deben equilibrar sexos y comparar localizaciones.

Biografía del autor/a

  • Xantal Borràs-Boix, Sport Exercise and Human Movement Research Group. Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya (Spain).
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  • Javier Martínez-Gramage, Department of Physiotherapy, Universidad Cardenal Herrera - CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia (Spain).
    1. Perpiña-Martinez, S., Arguisuelas-Martínez, M. D., Perez-Dominguez, B., Nacher-Moltó, I., & Martínez-Gramage, J. (2023). Differences between sexes and speed levels in pelvic 3D kinematic patterns during running using an inertial measurement unit (IMU). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 3631.
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02-10-2025

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Vol. 73 (2025)

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Revisiones teóricas sistemáticas y/o metaanálisis

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Derechos de autor 2025 Raúl Cejudo-Alba, Xantal Borràs-Boix, Javier Martínez-Gramage

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(1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess

Cómo citar

Cejudo-Alba, R., Borràs-Boix, X., & Martínez-Gramage, J. (2025). Protocolo metodológico de la carrera en cinta mediante IMU en personas sanas. Revisión de alcance. Retos, 73, 269-287. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v73.116214