Asociaciones entre condición física, composición corporal y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en estudiantes universitarios inactivos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v73.117510Palabras clave:
Promoción de la salud, salud mental, condición física, estudiantes universitariosResumen
Antecedentes: La pandemia de COVID-19 incrementó la inactividad física y conductas no saludables en universitarios. En América Latina existe escasa evidencia en estudiantes físicamente inactivos. Objetivo: Examinar las asociaciones entre condición física, composición corporal y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) en universitarios inactivos de Chile en el periodo pospandémico.
Métodos: Estudio transversal con 139 estudiantes inactivos (22.5 ± 3.1 años). La condición física incluyó aptitud cardiorrespiratoria (CRF), fuerza de prensión manual, salto horizontal desde parado (SLJ) y agilidad, evaluadas con la batería ALPHA-Fitness. La composición corporal se estimó mediante índice de masa corporal (IMC), relación cintura-estatura y circunferencia de cuello. La CVRS se midió con el SF-36 (función física, rol físico, salud general, función social y rol emocional). Las asociaciones se analizaron con regresiones lineales múltiples.
Resultados: La CRF se asoció positivamente con función física (B = 0.372; p < 0.001), salud general (β = 0.349; p < 0.001) y función social (β = 0.244; p = 0.031). El SLJ (β = 0.386; p = 0.001) y la agilidad (β = 0.215; p = 0.028) se relacionaron con mejor función física. El IMC se asoció inversamente con función física (β = −0.171; p = 0.045), salud general (β = −0.168; p = 0.042) y función social (β = −0.218; p = 0.013). La circunferencia de cuello se asoció negativamente con la función social (β = −0.289; p = 0.024).
Conclusiones: Una mayor CRF, SLJ y agilidad se vinculan con mejores dominios de la CVRS, mientras que un IMC y una circunferencia de cuello elevados se asocian con peores resultados. Se recomienda integrar programas estructurados de actividad física y estrategias preventivas en el entorno universitario.
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