Impacto de aplicaciones de seguimiento móvil en la condición física y motivación de adolescentes en Educación Física
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v73.117648Palabras clave:
Aplicaciones móviles, condición física, Educación Física, motivación, tecnología ponibleResumen
Introducción: La educación física contemporánea enfrenta desafíos sin precedentes para mantener el compromiso de los adolescentes en medio de la disrupción tecnológica y la disminución de los niveles de condición física a nivel mundial.
Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos inmediatos de las aplicaciones de seguimiento móvil en la motivación y el rendimiento físico en la educación física de adolescentes dentro de contextos educativos del norte de África.
Metodología: Se realizó un ensayo controlado aleatorizado por conglomerados con 397 estudiantes de secundaria (49,4% hombres; M edad = 17,51 años) de seis escuelas públicas asignados aleatoriamente a grupos experimentales (n=243) o de control (n=154). El grupo experimental recibió una intervención de 6 semanas con seguimiento multiplataforma integrado en entrenamiento de resistencia estructurado. Los resultados motivacionales y de condición física fueron evaluados basal y postintervención mediante instrumentos validados administrados por evaluadores entrenados.
Resultados: El grupo experimental demostró mejoras sustanciales en todos los resultados. La motivación intrínseca aumentó en un 28,1% versus 6,1% en los controles, con grandes tamaños del efecto (η² = 0,51 vs 0,06). El rendimiento físico mostró ganancias paralelas: la resistencia abdominal mejoró en un 41,4% versus 7,9%, la condición física cardiovascular en un 40,3% versus 15,2%.
Discusión: La magnitud de las mejoras supera las típicamente reportadas en intervenciones mejoradas por tecnología, sugiriendo beneficios sinérgicos del enfoque multiplataforma. Los análisis de moderación revelaron mayores beneficios entre estudiantes mujeres y de entornos socioeconómicos más bajos.
Conclusiones: Las aplicaciones de seguimiento móvil mejoran significativamente tanto los resultados motivacionales como físicos en la educación física de adolescentes cuando se integran sistemáticamente con marcos pedagógicos basados en evidencia.
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