Composición corporal, riesgo cardiometabólico y salud percibida en practicantes de CrossFit

Autores/as

  • María Magdalena Rosado Álvarez Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil (Ecuador) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2519-4780
  • José Antonio Valle Flores Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil (Ecuador)
  • Evelyn Del Pezo Izaguirre Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena (Ecuador)
  • Mariana Riofrío Crúz Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil (Ecuador) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9093-7291

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v73.117870

Palabras clave:

Composición corporal, factores de riesgo cardio-metabólico, estado de salud, calidad de vida

Resumen

Introducción. La práctica de CrossFit® se asoció con cambios en la composición corporal y la salud percibida, aunque persiste incertidumbre sobre su vínculo con el riesgo cardiometabólico.

Objetivo. Analizar la relación entre composición corporal, riesgo cardiometabólico y salud percibida evaluada con el Cuestionario de Salud de 12 ítems en practicantes de CrossFit.

Metodología. Estudio transversal con 80 practicantes (27 hombres; 53 mujeres) de un centro deportivo universitario. Se midieron variables antropométricas y composición corporal por bioimpedancia; se calcularon índice de masa corporal, cintura–cadera y cintura–talla. La salud percibida se valoró en componentes físico y mental. Se aplicaron Chi-cuadrado, correlaciones de Spearman y regresión logística ajustada por edad y sexo (p<0,05).

Resultados. Los hombres mostraron menor grasa corporal que las mujeres (20,5 ± 6,2 % vs. 33,1 ± 7,5 %). El componente físico fue mayor en hombres (χ² = 10,67; p = 0,005), mientras el mental no difirió (p = 0,866). La grasa corporal se asoció inversamente con la salud física (ρ = −0,296; IC95%: −0,48 a −0,09; p = 0,008). En los modelos ajustados no hubo efectos independientes: sexo (OR = 6,25; IC95%: 0,70–56,04; p = 0,102), grasa corporal (OR = 0,96; IC95%: 0,85–1,09; p = 0,539) e índice cintura–talla (OR = 0,62; IC95%: 0,14–2,83; p = 0,539).

Discusión. La adiposidad fue el predictor más consistente de la autopercepción física, mientras los índices clásicos no explicaron su variabilidad.

Conclusiones. Mayor adiposidad se asoció con peor salud física percibida; integrar entrenamiento, educación nutricional y apoyo psicosocial puede mejorarla en practicantes de CrossFit.

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Publicado

08-11-2025

Número

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

Rosado Álvarez, M. M., Valle Flores, J. A., Del Pezo Izaguirre, E., & Riofrío Crúz, M. (2025). Composición corporal, riesgo cardiometabólico y salud percibida en practicantes de CrossFit. Retos, 73, 1133-1144. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v73.117870