Efectos de un programa de ejercicio físico durante tres años en niños obesos: un estudio de intervención (Effects of an exercise program during three years in obese boys: an intervention study)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i23.34559Keywords:
obesidad, ejercicio físico, intervención longitudinal, colesterol, insulina.Abstract
El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto de un programa de ejercicio físico a largo plazo (3 años) sobre parámetros cineantropométricos y metabólicos en niños obesos. La muestra estuvo compuesta por ocho niños de edades entre 8 y 11 años, que llevaron a cabo un programa de ejercicio físico multideportivo (tres sesiones de 90 minutos por semana). Se llevó a cabo una valoración cineantropométrica, evaluando los siguientes parámetros: talla, peso, índice de masa corporal (IMC), zIMC, masa grasa y magra, y una valoración metabólica: colesterol total (CT), colesterol HDL, colesterol LDL, triglicéridos (TG), insulina, glucosa, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), índice LDL/HDL y CT/HDL. Tras la intervención se observaron cambios en el zIMC (dejando de ser obesos tras la intervención), colesterol total, LDL, índice colesterol total/HDL y niveles de glucosa a largo plazo, mostrando que intervenciones longitudinales generan beneficios positivos en niños obesos principalmente en su perfil lipídico.
Palabra clave: obesidad, ejercicio físico, intervención longitudinal, colesterol, insulina.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a long-term exercise program (3 years) on kinanthopometric and metabolic in obese children. The sample consisted of eight boys between 8 and 11 years, who conducted a aerobic multi-sport exercise program (three sessions, 90 minutes per week). Carried out an assessment kinanthropometric assessing the following parameters: height, weight, body mass index (BMI), zBMI, fat mass and fat free mass, and a metabolic assessing: total cholesterol (TC), HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), insuline, glucose, Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA-IR), ratio LDL/HDL and TC/HDL. Following the intervention, changes were observed on zBMI (ceasing to be obese after the intervention), total cholesterol, LDL, and ratio total cholesterol/HDL) and glucose levels at the long term, showing that longitudinal interventions generate positive benefits on obese children mainly in the lipid profile.
Key words: obesity, physical exercise, longitudinal intervention, cholesterol, insulin.
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