Efectos de una serie intensa de partidos sobre los biomarcadores sanguíneos y el rendimiento físico en futbolistas profesionales

Autores/as

  • Dener Álex Tavares Martins Universidade Estadual do Ceará
  • Jonathan Elias Rodrigues Martins
  • Francisco Sérgio Lopes Vasconcelos-Filho Universidade Estadual do Ceará
  • Paula Matias Soares Universidade Estadual do Ceará
  • Júlio Cesar Gomes Silva
  • Vânia Marilande Ceccatto Universidade Estadual do Ceará

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v85.119903

Palabras clave:

Creatina quinasa, daño muscular, fútbol, rendimiento, sistema de posicionamiento global

Resumen

Introducción: Los futbolistas de alto nivel se enfrentan frecuentemente a calendarios competitivos congestionados, lo que limita la recuperación e incrementa el daño muscular

Objetivo: Este estudio analizó los efectos de un periodo de partidos congestionado en comparación con un periodo no congestionado sobre los niveles de creatina quinasa y las métricas de rendimiento físico.

Metodología: Se evaluó a diez futbolistas profesionales durante dos periodos de treinta días. Se registraron y compararon las concentraciones de creatina quinasa en sangre y las métricas de rendimiento físico mediante el sistema de posicionamiento global.

Resultados: Las concentraciones de creatina quinasa en sangre fueron significativamente mayores en el periodo congestionado en comparación con el no congestionado a las veinticuatro y cuarenta y ocho horas postpartido. Se observó una correlación positiva significativa entre el tiempo de juego total y los niveles de creatina quinasa, mientras que las métricas de rendimiento físico no mostraron diferencias significativas.

Discusión: Aunque la literatura previa reportó caídas en el rendimiento durante calendarios congestionados, los resultados de esta investigación coincidieron con estudios que mostraron un rendimiento físico mantenido cuando se implementaron la rotación táctica de jugadores y un acondicionamiento físico adecuado.

Conclusiones: El periodo congestionado aumentó significativamente la carga interna y el daño muscular, correlacionándose directamente con los minutos de juego acumulados y no con la cantidad de partidos. Sin embargo, el rendimiento físico externo no se ve afectado, lo que indica que la rotación estratégica de los jugadores puede mitigar con éxito la disminución del rendimiento.

Biografía del autor/a

  • Dener Álex Tavares Martins, Universidade Estadual do Ceará

    Mestre em Ciências Fisiológicas pela Universidade Estadual do Ceará

  • Jonathan Elias Rodrigues Martins

     Doutor em Biotecnologia pela Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia na Universidade Estadual do Ceará 

  • Francisco Sérgio Lopes Vasconcelos-Filho, Universidade Estadual do Ceará

    Doutorado em Ciências Fisiológicas pela Universidade Estadual do Ceará

  • Paula Matias Soares, Universidade Estadual do Ceará

    Doutorado em Biotecnologia pela Universidade Federal do Ceará

  • Júlio Cesar Gomes Silva

    Doutor em Educação física pela Universidade Federal da Paraíba

  • Vânia Marilande Ceccatto, Universidade Estadual do Ceará

    Doutora em Bioquímica pela Universidade Federal do Ceará.

Referencias

Andersson, H., Raastad, T., Nilsson, J., Paulsen, G., Garthe, I., & Kadi, F. (2008). Neuromuscular fatigue and recovery in elite female soccer: Effects of active recovery. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 40(2), 372–380. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31815b8497

Andrzejewski, M., Konarski, J. M., Chmura, J., & Pluta, B. (2014). Changes in the activity profiles of soc-cer players over a three-match training micro cycle. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 14(3), 814–828. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2014.11868760

Botelho, R., Abad, C. C. C., Spadari, R. C., Winckler, C., Garcia, M. C., & Guerra, R. L. F. (2022). Psychophys-iological stress markers during preseason among elite female soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 36(6), 1648–1654. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003702

Carling, C., McCall, A., Le Gall, F., & Dupont, G. (2016). The impact of short periods of match congestion on injury risk and patterns in an elite football club. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 50(12), 764–768. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095501

Castillo, D., et al. (2023). External match load and physical performance in professional soccer players during congested match periods. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias en Educación Física, Deportes y Recreación, 48, 215–222.

Chou, T.-Y., Nosaka, K., & Chen, T. C. (2021). Muscle damage and performance after single and multiple simulated matches in university elite female soccer players. Frontiers in Physiology, 18 [ou 12, artigo ID 646141]. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.646141

Dellal, A., Lago-Peñas, C., Rey, E., Chamari, K., & Orhant, E. (2015). The effects of a congested fixture period on physical performance, technical activity and injury rate during matches in a profes-sional soccer team. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 49(6), 390–394. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2012-091290

Diaz-García, J., et al. (2024). Physical training and external load management for young athletes. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias en Educación Física, Deportes y Recreación, 56, 663–671. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.105895

Djaoui, L., Owen, A., Newton, M., Nikolaidis, P. T., Dellal, A., & Chamari, K. (2022). Effects of congested match periods on acceleration and deceleration profiles in professional soccer. Biology of Sport, 39(2), 307–317. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2022.103725

Ekstrand, J., Hägglund, M., & Waldén, M. (2011). Injury incidence and injury patterns in professional football: The UEFA injury study. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 45(7), 553–558. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2009.060582

Finsterer, J., & Drory, V. E. (2016). Wet, volatile, and dry biomarkers of exercise-induced muscle fa-tigue. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 17(1), Article 40. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-016-0869-2

Folgado, H., Duarte, R., Marques, P., & Sampaio, J. (2015). The effects of congested fixtures period on tactical and physical performance in elite football. Journal of Sports Sciences, 33(12), 1238–1247. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1022576

García-Romero-Pérez, Á., Ordonez, F. J., Reyes-Gil, F., Rodríguez-López, E. S., & Oliva-Pascual-Vaca, Á. (2021). Muscle damage biomarkers in congestion weeks in English Premier League soccer players: A prospective study for two consecutive seasons. International Journal of Environmen-tal Research and Public Health, 18(15), Article 7960. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18157960

Hacker, S., Reichel, T., Hecksteden, A., Schönfelder, M., & Wackerhage, H. (2021). Recovery-stress re-sponse of blood-based biomarkers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(11), Article 5776. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115776

Jones, R. N., Greig, M., Mawéné, Y., Barrow, J., & Page, R. M. (2019). The influence of short-term fixture congestion on position specific match running performance and external loading patterns in English professional soccer. Journal of Sports Sciences, 37(12), 1338–1346. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2018.1558563

Julian, R., Page, R. M., & Harper, L. D. (2021). The effect of fixture congestion on performance during professional male soccer match-play: A systematic critical review with meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 51(2), 255–273. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-020-01359-9

Modric, T., et al. (2023). High-intensity running and acceleration profiles in professional football matches. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias en Educación Física, Deportes y Recreación, 49, 110–118.

Mohr, M., Draganidis, D., Chatzinikolaou, A., Fatouros, I. G., Jamurtas, A. Z., Loules, G., Tsoukas, D., Chat-zigeorgiou, A., Avloniti, A., & Krustrup, P. (2016). Muscle damage, inflammatory, immune and performance responses to three football games in 1 week in competitive male players. Europe-an Journal of Applied Physiology, 116(1), 179–193. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-015-3245-2

Mota, G. R., Dos Santos, I. A., Arriel, R. A., & Marocolo, M. (2020). Is it high time to increase elite soccer substitutions permanently? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(19), Article 7008. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197008

Nowakowska, A., Kostrzewa-Nowak, D., Buryta, R., & Nowak, R. (2019). Blood biomarkers of recovery efficiency in soccer players. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(18), Article 3279. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16183279

Póvoas, S., Ascensão, A., Magalhães, J., Seabra, A., Castagna, C., Varley, M. C., Johnston, R. D., & Rebelo, A. N. (2022). Technical match actions and plasma stress markers in elite female football players during an official FIFA Tournament. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 32(S1), 127–139. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13878

Rabita, G., Dorel, S., Slawinski, J., Sàez-de-Villarreal, E., Couturier, A., Samozino, P., & Morin, J. B. (2015). Sprint mechanics in world-class athletes: A new insight into the limits of human locomotion. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 25(5), 583–594. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12389

Reichel, T., Boßlau, T. K., Palmowski, J., Wasserfurth, P., Krüger, K., & Reichel, S. (2020). Reliability and suitability of physiological exercise response and recovery markers. Scientific Reports, 10(1), Article 12690. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-69280-9

Selmi, O., Ouergui, I., Levitt, D. E., Marzouki, H., Knechtle, B., Nikolaidis, P. T., & Bouassida, A. (2022). Training, psychometric status, biological markers and neuromuscular fatigue in soccer. Biology of Sport, 39(2), 319–327. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2022.104065

Souglis, A., Bogdanis, G. C., Chryssanthopoulos, C., Apostolidis, N., & Geladas, N. D. (2018). Time course of oxidative stress, inflammation, and muscle damage markers for 5 days after a soccer match: Effects of sex and playing position. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 32(7), 2045–2054. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002436

Zanetti, V., Aoki, M. S., Bradley, P., Carling, C., Marino, T. K., & Moreira, A. (2021). Running performance and hormonal, maturity and physical variables in starting and non-starting elite U14 soccer players during a congested match schedule. Journal of Human Kinetics, 80(1), 287–295. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2021-0096

Descargas

Publicado

20-10-2026

Número

Sección

Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

Tavares Martins, D. Álex, Rodrigues Martins, J. E., Lopes Vasconcelos-Filho, F. S., Soares, P. M., Gomes Silva, J. C., & Ceccatto, V. M. (2026). Efectos de una serie intensa de partidos sobre los biomarcadores sanguíneos y el rendimiento físico en futbolistas profesionales. Retos, 85, 77-86. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v85.119903