Estado de madurez biológica y edad cronológica en jóvenes triatletas: una primera aproximación al bio-banding en triatlón

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v68.109869

Palabras clave:

triatlón, madurez biológica, edad cronológica, bio-banding, adolescente

Resumen

Introducción: El triatlón juvenil y junior presenta desafíos en la agrupación de atletas debido a las diferencias en la madurez biológica. El bio-banding ha sido propuesto como estrategia para mejorar la equidad en la competición, aunque su aplicación en este deporte aún es limitada.

Objetivos: Investigar la correlación entre la edad biológica y la edad cronológica, evaluar las variaciones en el estado de madurez dentro de los grupos de edad y determinar si se debe recomendar el bio-banding para competiciones de triatlón juvenil y junior.

Metodología: Participaron 296 jóvenes triatletas de ambos sexos que compitieron en eventos multideportivos en Brasil entre 2022 y 2023. El estado de madurez biológica se determinó mediante el porcentaje de madurez biológica prevista (%PAH) y la edad prevista a la velocidad máxima de altura (APHV).

Resultados: Se encontró una fuerte correlación entre %PAH y APHV, indicando que la mayoría de los triatletas se desarrollan dentro del rango esperado. Ambos indicadores se consideraron buenos estimadores de madurez, siendo el APHV el que reflejó con mayor precisión las variaciones en las etapas de madurez.

Conclusiones: La agrupación por edades se confirmó como una estrategia eficaz para organizar competiciones de triatlón. El bio-banding se presenta como una alternativa viable para diseñar planes de entrenamiento y orientar la selección y desarrollo de jóvenes triatletas, considerando su madurez y relación con el rendimiento competitivo. Sin embargo, debido a la naturaleza transversal del estudio, existen limitaciones para comprender completamente el desarrollo longitudinal de los atletas.

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2025-05-23

Cómo citar

Dos Santos Freitas Schütz, E., Marlon Machado, J., João Bresciani, M. V., Galvão da Costa, C., Ruschel, C., & Matheus Pereira, S. (2025). Estado de madurez biológica y edad cronológica en jóvenes triatletas: una primera aproximación al bio-banding en triatlón. Retos, 68, 790–802. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v68.109869

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas