Patrón de activación muscular de los músculos deltoides durante Adho Mukha Vrksasana

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v72.116557

Palabras clave:

Adho Mukha Vrksasana, Músculos deltoides, Variables cinemáticas, Patrón de activación muscular

Resumen

Introducción: Al practicar Adho Mukha Vrksasana, los deltoides desempeñan un papel fundamental. Sin embargo, no se han realizado estudios que determinen cuál de los tres músculos deltoides contribuye en mayor o menor medida al realizar Adho Mukha Vrksasana.

Objetivo: Este estudio comparó el patrón de activación muscular de los deltoides al practicar Adho Mukha Vrksasana.

Metodología: Se seleccionaron treinta (N=30) practicantes de yoga masculinos con una edad media de 21,4 ± 1,85, estatura de 165,2 ± 2,3 cm y peso de 61,2 ± 4,6 kg. Se empleó una técnica de videografía, procesada posteriormente con el software de análisis de movimiento Kinovea 2D, para calcular el ángulo del cuello (en grados) y la altura del centro de gravedad (CG) (en cm). Se utilizó electromiografía (EMG) inalámbrica para comparar las respuestas de la actividad muscular de todos los músculos deltoides seleccionados. Se utilizó un ANOVA con un nivel de significancia de 0,05.

Resultados: Se observó una diferencia significativa entre los músculos deltoides seleccionados al realizar Adho Mukha Vrksasana (F = 84,887; p ≤ 0,05). El deltoides medial mostró una mejoría significativa, seguido del deltoides posterior, y el deltoides anterior, la menor. La altura promedio del centro de gravedad fue de 95,86 cm y el ángulo promedio del cuello fue de 103,66°.

Discusión: El estudio previo muestra la contribución significativa del deltoides lateral (medial) al realizar Adho Mukha Vrksasana.

Conclusiones: El ángulo promedio del cuello fue de 103,66°. Se informó que la altura media del CG fue de 95,864 cm y la activación muscular promedio de cada uno de los tres músculos deltoides no fue igual a la media del 41 % del deltoides medial, el 32 % del deltoides posterior y el 27 % del deltoides anterior.

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Publicado

06-10-2025

Número

Sección

Impacto social de la educación física y el deporte

Cómo citar

Hazarika, D., Milli, A., Sinha, S., Joshi, H. C., Mili, A., Minu, T., Vats, P., Singnar, B., Vishwakarma, A., & Singh, K. R. (2025). Patrón de activación muscular de los músculos deltoides durante Adho Mukha Vrksasana. Retos, 72, 1034-1043. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v72.116557