Actividad física, actitud alimentaria e índice de masa corporal (IMC) en estudiantes de ciencias del deporte: diferencias y correlaciones
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v72.117500Palabras clave:
Índice de masa corporal, actitud alimentaria, actividad física, ciencias del deporte, estudiantesResumen
Introducción: La literatura indica que, durante la adultez joven, el índice de masa corporal (IMC), los niveles de actividad física y las actitudes alimentarias están estrechamente interrelacionados.
Objetivo: Este estudio tiene como objetivo examinar las relaciones entre la actividad física, las actitudes alimentarias y el IMC en estudiantes universitarios.
Metodología: El estudio se llevó a cabo con 296 estudiantes universitarios. Los datos se recopilaron utilizando un Formulario de Información Descriptiva, el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física – Forma Corta (IPAQ-SF) y el Test de Actitudes Alimentarias-26 (EAT-26). Para el análisis de los datos se utilizaron los valores de N y porcentaje, mediana (mínimo–máximo), la prueba U de Mann–Whitney, la prueba H de Kruskal–Wallis y la correlación de rango de Spearman.
Resultados: Se encontró que los valores de IMC de los estudiantes masculinos fueron mayores que los de las mujeres (U=5285; p < 0,001) y que los estudiantes mayores de 25 años presentaron valores de IMC más altos en comparación con otros grupos de edad (H=10,984; p<0,01). Los puntajes de EAT de los estudiantes del Departamento de Recreación fueron mayores que los de los estudiantes de Gestión Deportiva y Educación en Entrenamiento (H=13,116; p<0,01), mientras que los puntajes de IPAQ de los estudiantes de Enseñanza de Educación Física y Deportes fueron mayores que los de Gestión Deportiva (H=8,935; p<0,05). Además, se identificó una correlación positiva débil pero significativa entre IPAQ y EAT (r = 0,131; p < 0,05).
Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos indican que el IMC, la actividad física y las actitudes alimentarias de los estudiantes universitarios están influenciados por factores demográficos. El área de estudio, la edad, el departamento y el género surgieron como determinantes significativos de IPAQ, EAT e IMC.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Rahime Sapak, Dilek Yaliz-Solmaz
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