Relación de la Asimetría Bilateral y el Déficit Bilateral con la Velocidad del Cambio de Dirección en Atletas Cadetes de Karate: Un estudio Piloto (Relationship of Bilateral Asymmetry and Bilateral Deficit with the Change of Direction Speed in Cadet Kara

Resumen

Antecedentes: La Asimetría Bilateral (AB) y el Déficit Bilateral (DBL) y su potencial relación negativa con el rendimiento físico es actualmente estudiada, aunque la relación con la velocidad del cambio de dirección (CODS) y el sprint lineal (5-M) en atletas de karate se desconoce. Objetivo: Examinar las correlaciones entre la AB y el DBL con el CODS y 5-M, así como entre el salto horizontal con el CODS y 5-M. Métodos: Diez atletas hombres de categoría cadetes participaron voluntariamente de este estudio. Entre las habilidades físicas evaluadas se incluyeron: salto horizontal bilateral (SBJ), salto horizontal unilateral derecho (RSBJ), salto horizontal unilateral izquierdo (LSBJ), CODS y 5-M. Posteriormente, la AB y el DBL fueron calculados. Resultados: Se reportó una baja AB (5.17 ± 3.61%) y presencia de DBL (-36.9 ± 6.2 %). Correlaciones moderadas entre la AB con CODS (r = -.38; R² = .15%; p = .30) y 5-M (r = -.47; R² = .22%; p = .19) y entre DBL con 5-M (r = .51; R² = .26%; p = .16) y bajas con CODS (r = .20; R² = .04%; p = .60). Correlaciones significativas (p < .05) entre CODS con RSBJ (r = -.92; R² = .85%; p = .00), SBJ (r = -.87; R² = .75%; p = .00) y LSBJ (r = -.82; R² = .67%; p = .00). Conclusiones: La AB y el DBL se relacionarían negativamente con el CODS y 5-M. Aunque, el CODS se relaciona con la fuerza explosiva horizontal bilateral y unilateral.

Abstract. Background: Bilateral asymmetry (AB) and Bilateral Deficit (DBL) and their potential negative relationship with physical performance is currently studied, although the relationship with change of direction speed (CODS) and linear sprint (5-M) in karate athletes is unknown. Aim: To examine correlations between AB and DBL with CODS and 5-M, as well as between horizontal jump with CODS and 5-M. Methods: Ten male cadet athletes voluntarily participated in this study. The physical abilities assessed included: bilateral horizontal jump (SBJ), right unilateral horizontal jump (RSBJ), left unilateral horizontal jump (LSBJ), CODS and 5-M. Subsequently, AB and DBL were calculated. Results: Low AB (5.17 ± 3.61%) and presence of DBL (-36.9 ± 6.2 %) were reported. Moderate correlations between AB with CODS (r = -.38; R² = .15%; p = .30) and 5-M (r = -.47; R² = .22%; p = .19) and between DBL with 5-M (r = .51; R² = .26%; p = .16) and low with CODS (r = .20; R² = .04%; p = .60). Significant correlations (p < .05) between CODS with RSBJ (r = -.92; R² = .85%; p = .00), SBJ (r = -.87; R² = .75%; p = .00) and LSBJ (r = -.82; R² = .67%; p = .00). Conclusions: AB and DBL would be negatively related to CODS and 5-M. However, CODS is related to bilateral and unilateral horizontal explosive strength.