Effectiveness of dynamic gait exercises on glycemic control and mobility in older adults with diabetes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v67.114283Keywords:
Diabetes mellitus; Dynamic gait exercises; Functional mobility; Glycemic control; Quality of lifeAbstract
Introduction: Dynamic gait exercises have been proposed as a strategy to enhance gait stability and metabolic control in older adults with diabetes. however, comparative effectiveness between dynamic gait and traditional exercise programs has not been fully investigated.
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dynamic walking exercises on walking ability and glycemic control in older adults with diabetes and to compare these outcomes with those of traditional exercise programs.
Methodology: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with sixty participants randomly assigned to two groups of thirty each. dynamic gait index scores, glycated hemoglobin levels from medical records, and quality of life based on the sf-12 questionnaire were recorded before and after a twelve-week intervention.
Results: In the dynamic gait group, DGI scores improved from 16.24 ± 2.30 to 23.85 ± 1.87, hba1c levels decreased from 8.32 ± 0.32 to 5.78 ± 0.22, and sf-12 scores increased from 49.26 ± 6.10 to 67.86 ± 5.54. all changes were statistically significant (p < 0.001).
Discussion: These findings align with existing literature showing that task-specific gait training improves neuromuscular coordination and metabolic control in diabetic populations.
Conclusions: dynamic gait training should be integrated into rehabilitation programs to improve mobility and glycemic outcomes in older diabetic adults.
References
Abdelaal, A., & El-Shamy, S. (2022). Effect of Antigravity Treadmill Training on Gait and Balance in Patients with Diabetic Polyneuropathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial. F1000Research, 11, 52. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.75806.3
Ahmad, I., Hussain, E., Singla, D., Verma, S., & Ali, K. (2017). Balance training in diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A Narrative Review. JSM Diabetol Manag, 2(1), 1002.
Ahmad, I., Verma, S., Noohu, M. M., & Hussain, Mohd. E. (2021). Effect of sensorimotor training on spatiotemporal parameters of gait among middle and older age adults with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Somatosensory & Motor Research, 38(3), 230–240. https://doi.org/10.1080/08990220.2021.1955671
Ahmed, F., Hassan, N., Islam, W., Uddin, K., Ahmed, S., & Islam, A. (2024). Effectiveness of Physiotherapy Intervention for Elderly People with Diabetic Neuropathy: A Review Study. Journal of Modern Rehabilitation. https://doi.org/10.18502/jmr.v18i2.15970
Allet, L., Armand, S., De Bie, R. A., Golay, A., Monnin, D., Aminian, K., Staal, J. B., & De Bruin, E. D. (2010). The gait and balance of patients with diabetes can be improved: A randomised controlled trial. Diabetologia, 53(3), 458–466. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-009-1592-4
Ann Reena, R. (2024). Effect of Lower Extremity Training in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy. Journal of Novel Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, 8(1), 001–004. https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.jnpr.1001056
Asghar, M., Rasheed, I., Karuppaiyan, R. K., Khan, S. A., Sharyar, M., Amjad, S., Mahrukh, M., & Azfar, H. (2024). EFFECTS OF VIBRATION FOOTWEAR APPLIED DURING GAIT CYCLE ON DYNAMIC BALANCE AND GAIT ABILITY IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY. Journal of Population Therapeutics & Clinical Pharmacology, 1911–1919. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v31i1.4273
Faradilla Rahim, A., Marlian Yuliadarwati, N., & Aulia Azizah, I. (2023). The Effect of Diabetes Exercises on Decreasing Glucose Levels in the Elderly. KnE Medicine. https://doi.org/10.18502/kme.v3i3.13513
Ferriolli, E., Pessanha, F. P. A. S., & Marchesi, J. C. L. S. (2014). Diabetes and Exercise in the Elderly. In J. H. Goedecke & E. O. Ojuka (Eds.), Medicine and Sport Science (Vol. 60, pp. 122–129). S. Karger AG. https://doi.org/10.1159/000357342
Hizomi Arani, R., Fakhri, F., Shams, A., & Zahedi, M. (2023). Effect of an Exercise Program on the Balance, Gait, Vibration Sense, and Cardiometabolic Parameters Among Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial. SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine, 5(1), 129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42399-023-01470-8
Jiwani, R., Wang, C.-P., Orsak, B., MacCarthy, D., Kellogg, D., Powers, B., Wang, J., Padala, P., Padala, K., & Espinoza, S. (2021). A geriatrics walking clinic improves hemoglobin A1c and timed gait in older veterans with type 2 diabetes. Geriatric Nursing, 42(2), 566–569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2020.10.001
Ko, M., Chiu, Y.-P., & Hung, Y.-J. (2013). Dynamic Postural Control in Older People With Diabetes During Gait Initiation. Physical & Occupational Therapy In Geriatrics, 31(4), 345–353. https://doi.org/10.3109/02703181.2013.823637
Lakshmiprasanna, M., Mohan, P., & Sasidharan, S. (2024). A Literature Review on Effectiveness of Balance Training in Diabetic Neuropathy Patients. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 13(5), 940–943. https://doi.org/10.21275/SR24515201439
Lin, L., Xu, W., Li, Z., Chen, Y., Chen, H., Yu, R., Zhu, X., & Gu, D. (2019). Quantitative gait analysis for laser cue in Parkinson’s disease patients with freezing of gait. Annals of Translational Medicine, 7(14), 324–324. https://doi.org/10.21037/atm.2019.05.87
Martinelli, A. R., Mantovani, A. M., Nozabieli, A. J. L., Ferreira, D. M. A., Barela, J. A., Camargo, M. R. D., & Fregonesi, C. E. P. T. (2013). Muscle strength and ankle mobility for the gait parameters in diabetic neuropathies. The Foot, 23(1), 17–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foot.2012.11.001
Mythili, D., Kotteeswaran, K., & Balchandar, V. (2023). Effectiveness of Functional Strength Training Exercises Versus Neurodynamic Exercises on Balance and Gait of Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy. INTI Journal, 2023(1). https://doi.org/10.61453/INTIj.202350
Najafi, B. (2013). Gamification of exercise and its application for fall prevention among patients with diabetes and peripheral neuropathy. Qatar Foundation Annual Research Forum Volume 2013 Issue 1. Qatar Foundation Annual Research Forum, Qatar National Convention Center (QNCC), Doha, Qatar,. https://doi.org/10.5339/qfarf.2013.BIOP-0109
Orlando, G., Brown, S., Jude, E., Bowling, F. L., Boulton, A. J. M., & Reeves, N. D. (2024). Acute Effects of Vibrating Insoles on Dynamic Balance and Gait Quality in Individuals With Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Randomized Crossover Study. Diabetes Care, 47(6), 1004–1011. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc23-1858
Saleh, M. S. M., Elbanna, R. H. M., Abdelhakiem, N. M., & Abdalla, G. A. E. (2024). Sensorimotor training improves gait, ankle joint proprioception, and quality of life in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A single-blinded randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. https://doi.org/10.1097/PHM.0000000000002453
Susanto, N., Trees, T., Sari, L. M., Bangkara, B. M. A. S. A., Sandi, I. N., Judijanto, L., & Setiawan, M. N. A. (2024). The role of exercise therapy in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease in an elderly population: A prospective cohort study. Retos, 58, 988–999. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.106905
Sutarti, T., Abdul, M., Anwar, M., Siyoto, S., & Saputra, M. H. (2018). The Influence of Diabetic Foot Gymnastic to Body Balance in Elderly Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Gatoel Mojokerto Hospital Diabetic Club. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 9(12), 1334. https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2018.02038.7
Virto, N., Etayo-Urtasun, P., Sánchez Isla, J. R., Arietanizbeaskoa, M. S., Mendizabal Gallastegui, N., Grandes, G., Gutierrez, B., Coca, A., & Río, X. (2023). Efectos de una intervención de 12 semanas de ejercicio en los niveles de hemoglobina glicada (HbA1c) en pacientes con cáncer (Effects of a 12-week exercise intervention on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in cancer patients). Retos, 48, 153–160. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v48.96221
Khan, R., Afreen, F. N., Parveen, Z., Siddiqui, A., & Khan, S. (2024). FUTURISTIC ROLE OF ISOKINETIC IN DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF REHABILITATION IN DIABETIC PATIENT: A HOLISTIC APPROACH. In Dr. N. Bedi, Dr. P. Kuralkar, Dr. C. Makade, Mr. K. Adhikary, Dr. V. Valluri, Dr. S. Bhattacharyya, Dr. Navya S, & Dr. H. Khan (Eds.), Futuristic Trends in Medical Sciences Volume 3 Book 18 (First, pp. 192–205). Iterative International Publisher, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd. https://doi.org/10.58532/V3BBMS18P2CH5
Huang, Chun-Kai, "The Feedforward and Feedback Controls on Gait in Adults with Diabetes" (2015). Theses & Dissertations. 64. https://digitalcommons.unmc.edu/etd/64
World Health Organization. (2016). Global report on diabetes. Geneva: WHO.
International Diabetes Federation. (2021). IDF diabetes atlas (10th ed.). Brussels, Belgium: IDF. https://diabetesatlas.org
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Diovin Derose Vianni, Subramanian S, Surya Vishnuram, Syed Abudaheer K, Abdel Razzaq Al Hadidi, Riziq Allah Mustafa Gaowgzeh, Ahmed Fekry Salman
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and ensure the magazine the right to be the first publication of the work as licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of authorship of the work and the initial publication in this magazine.
- Authors can establish separate additional agreements for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (eg, to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Is allowed and authors are encouraged to disseminate their work electronically (eg, in institutional repositories or on their own website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as to a subpoena more Early and more of published work (See The Effect of Open Access) (in English).
This journal provides immediate open access to its content (BOAI, http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess) on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. The authors may download the papers from the journal website, or will be provided with the PDF version of the article via e-mail.
