Effect of two types of walking on performance in the Abalakov jump test
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v73.117981Keywords:
Muscle strength, walking , exercise, warm-up exerciseAbstract
Objective: to compare the acute effects of a six-minute walk, performed overground and on a treadmill, on Abalakov jump power, heart rate (HR), and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) in recreationally active young adults.
Methods: a quasi-experimental crossover study was conducted with 30 participants (21.1 ± 1.9 years). Each subject completed two sessions of the six-minute walk test (6MWT): one overground and the other on a treadmill (4.5 km·h⁻¹), separated by at least 24 hours in a randomized order. HR was recorded using a Polar Vantage 2®, and RPE was assessed using the Borg CR-10 scale at rest, at the midpoint, and immediately post-test. Immediately following the walk, the Abalakov jump test (Chronojump®) was administered to determine absolute (W) and relative (W·kg⁻¹) jump power.
Results: both walking protocols significantly increased absolute (treadmill: +52.3 ± 55.1 W; overground: +55.2 ± 48.8 W) and relative power (treadmill: +0.78 ± 0.81 W·kg⁻¹; overground: +0.79 ± 0.56 W·kg⁻¹), with no significant differences between conditions (U = 0.84 and 0.75, respectively; p > 0.05; d < 0.05). Overground walking elicited a higher final HR (114.2 ± 15.9 bpm) compared to treadmill walking (99.3 ± 12.5 bpm). Furthermore, the magnitude of HR change from rest was significantly greater during overground walking compared to treadmill walking (mean difference Δ = 13.6 ± 9.8 bpm; p < 0.001; d = 1.11). RPE increased significantly only during overground walking (Δ = 0.53 ± 0.90 points; p = 0.0029), while it remained stable during the treadmill walk (Δ = 0.30 ± 0.75 points; p = 0.055).
Conclusions: both overground and treadmill walking acutely enhance jump power. However, overground walking imposes greater cardiovascular and perceptual demands. The choice of warm-up protocol should consider the balance between achieving neuromuscular activation and the athlete’s cardiorespiratory tolerance.
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