The Personalized System of E-Modul Instructions in Physical Education Online Learning
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.103515Keywords:
physical education, online learning, e-module, personalized system, instructionAbstract
The Covid-19 pandemic has disrupted the world of education which has made schools implement online learning. This situation is very challenging for Physical Education (PE) course. The study purpose was to examine the condition of physical education online learning and the needs of teachers for electronic modules based on personalized system of learning instruction models in PE online learning. Materials and methods This study used Research and Development (R&D) method with qualitative and quantitative setting using questionnaire as an instrument. 61 of 86 respondents responded and filled out the questionnaire completely between 7-14 October 2021. Results Three main findings were highlighted in this study. Firstly, the condition of PE online learning has not been effective during the Covid-19 pandemic. Teachers experienced several obstacles in implementing PE online learning. Secondly, teachers need e-modules as material for student learning independently at home. Lastly, it is necessary to apply a personalized system of instruction learning model in PE online learning. This model is believed to be appropriate and effective as an independent learning model. Conclusions PE online learning has not been effective so far. An electronic module based on a personalized system of instruction is needed to support the implementation of PE online learning.
Keywords: physical education, online learning, e-module, personalized system, instruction.
References
Adedoyin, O. B., & Soykan, E. (2020). Covid-19 Pandemic and Online Learning: the Challenges and Opportunities. Interactive Learning Environments, 0(0), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2020.1813180
Adji, T. P., Mansur, Putro, K. H., Pratama, K. W., & Mustapha, A. (2022). Analysis of the Influence of Service Quali-ty and Audience Loyalty Interest in the Volleyball Tournament Events: A Case Study of Tulungagung Regency. In Human-Centered Technology for a Better Tomorrow: Proceedings of HUMENS 2021 (pp. 299-311). Springer Singa-pore.
Agusni, Z. D., Adha, S. R., & Dedi, K. (2018). Mastering Basic Motions of Basketball using Personalized System of Instruction (PSI) Model Based on Electronic Modules (e-Module). Journal Sampurasun : Interdisciplinary Studies for Cultural Heritage, 04(02), 95–107.
Amran, Suherman, W. S., Graha, A. S., Rizqie, A., Riyana, A., Astuti, A. T., Utami, D. Y., Pratama, K. W., Sonjaya, A. R., Permadi, A. A., Arifin, Z. Karakauki, M., Ali, S. K. S., Trisnadi, R. A., Asmuddin, Utami, D. (2023). De-veloping Learning Media for an Online Learning-Based Big Ball Game at Class XI Vocational High School Stu-dents: Feasibility and Efficacy. Retos, 50, 724-736. DOI: 10.47197/retos.v50.99235
Alfonso González-Rivas, R., Gastélum-Cuadras, G., Velducea Velducea, W., Bernabé González Bustos, J., & Domínguez Esparza, S. (2021). Analysis of teaching experience in Physical Education classes during COVID-19 confinement in Mexico. Retos, 42, 1–11. https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/retos/index
Almonacid-Fierro, A., Vargas-Vitoria, R., Urrutia, J. M., & Sepúlveda-Vallejos, S. (2021). Professional practices in times of Covid-19 pandemic: Challenges for Physical Education initial teaching training. Retos, 42, 162–171. https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/retos/index
Alvariñas-Villaverde, M., & Pazos-González, M. (2020). Gender Stereotypes in Physical Education: A Student-Centered Review. Revista Electronica de Investigacion Educativa, 20(4), 154–163. https://doi.org/10.24320/redie.2018.20.4.1840
Arifin, Z., Mulyana, R. B., Sutresna, N. ., Subarjah, H. ., Sawali, L. ., Pratama, K. W., Sonjaya, A. R., Ali, S. K. S., Hasan, S. N., Hasan, S. N., Mustapha, A. ., Razali, M. N., Sutapa, P. ., Karakauki, M. ., & Hardianto, D. (2024). The effect of modification of movement in training on students' swimming competence. Challenges, 51, 949–954. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.101338
Baena-Morales, S., López-Morales, J., & García-Taibo, O. (2021). Teaching intervention in physical education during quarantine for COVID-19. Retos, 39, 388–395. www.retos.org
Castillo-Retamal, F., Silva-Reyes, L., Muñoz-González, M., López-Toro, L., Plaza-Cofré, P., Arredondo-Muñoz, F., & Faúndez-Casanova, C. (2021). Virtual prácticum in Physical Education: between the pandemic and uncertainty. 42, 798–804. https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/retos/index
Chan, W. K., Leung, K. I., Hoc, C., Wuc, W., Lam, K. Y., Wong, N. L., Chan, C. Y. R., Leung, K. M., & Tse, A. C. Y. (2021). Effectiveness of online teaching in physical education during covid-19 school closures: A survey study of frontline physical education teachers in Hong Kong. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 21(4), 1622–1628. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2021.04205
Friskawati, G., Ilmawati, H., & Suherman, A. (2017). Effect of Personalized System for Instructions ( PSI ) on Physi-cal Fitness of Senior High School nursing ’ s student Effect of Personalized System for Instructions ( PSI ) on Physi-cal Fitness of Senior High School nursing ’ s student. IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/755/1/011001
Ginanjar, A. (2019). The Effects of Personalized System for Instruction Learning Model on Vocational School Stu-dents’ Motivation. Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani Dan Olahraga, 4(28), 32–36.
Hardianto, D., Budiningsih, C. A., Pratama, K. W., Ali, S. K. S., & Karakauki, M. (2022). Assessing the Experience-Sharing Parenting Method through Online Learning during Covid-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Instruc-tion, 15(4).
Hastuti, T. A., Jatmika, H. M., Pratama, K. W., & Yudhistira, D. (2021). The Level of Understanding of Pedagogical Competence of Physical Education, Health and Recreation Students of Sports Science Faculty. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 21(4), 310-316.
Hergüner, G., Yaman, Ç., Sari, S. Ç., Yaman, M. S., & Dönmez, A. (2021). The Effect of Online Learning Attitudes of Sports Sciences Students on their Learning Readiness to Learn Online in the Era of the New Coronavirus Pandemic (Covid-19). TOJET: The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 20(1), 68–77.
Ilham, M., Iqroni, D., Karakauki, M., Ali, S. K. S., Kristiyanto, A., Nasrulloh, A., ... & Phytanza, D. T. P. (2021). Effects of resistance band exercise on student’s freestyle swimming skills. Sport Science, 15(1).
Jeong, H. C., & So, W. Y. (2020). Difficulties of online physical education classes in middle and high school and an efficient operation plan to address them. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(19), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197279
Juditya, S., Suherman, A., Ma, A., & Rusdiana, A. (2019). Personalized System of Instruction ( PSI ) Models : Using Digital Teaching Materials on Learning. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 9(5), 314–324.
Jufrianis, J., Henjilito, R., Hernawan, H., Sukiri, S., Sukur, A., Abidin, D., ... & Wahyudin Pratama, K. (2021). The Effect of Knowledge Level (IQ) and Physical Conditions (Power, Flexibility and Coordination) on Smash Tech-nique Learning Skill in Sepak Takraw. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 21(3), 264-272.
Kauki, M. K., Prasetyo, Y., Rismayanthi, C., Asmuddin, A., Saman, A. ., Razali, M. N., Mustapha, A., Ali, S. K. S., Hutkemri, H., Sutapa, P. ., Hardianto, D., Auliana, R., Utami, D. ., Utami, D. Y., Riyana, A. ., Amran, A., Pratama, K. W., Trisnadi, R. A., & Astuti, A. T. . . (2024). Effect of Basic Water Confidence, Flexibility, and Technique on Freestyle Swimming Skill among Elementary School Pupils. Challenges, 51, 1415–1423. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.101599
Kogoya, T., Mutohir, C., Pramono, M., Kristiyanto, A., Putro, B. N., Ali, S. K. S., ... & Trisnadi, R. A. (2023). De-veloping the Value of Peace in Sport, Health, and Physical Education Lecture through Traditional Games. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 11(2), 268-275.
Kristiyanto, A., Prasetyo, Y., Pratama, K. W., Karakauki, M., Mustapha, A., & Idrus, S. Z. S. (2020, April). Access to The Utilization of Science and Technology of Sports and Familiarity of the Sports Community towards Technologi-cally Based Devices. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1529, No. 2, p. 022099). IOP Publishing.
Kwon, E. H. (2020). Review of online learning in physical education teacher education (PETE) program. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20(6), 3560–3568. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2020.06480
Laar, R. A., Ashraf, M. A., Ning, J., Ji, P., Fang, P., Yu, T., & Khan, M. N. (2021). Performance, health, and psycho-logical challenges faced by students of physical education in online learning during covid-19 epidemic: A qualitative study in China. Healthcare (Switzerland), 9(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9081030
Listyarini, A. E., Alim, A., Oktaviani, A. D., Putro, K. H., Kristiyanto, A., Margono, A., & Pratama, K. W. (2021). The Relations of Using Digital Media and Physical Activity with The Physical Fitness of 4th And 5th Grade Primary School Students. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 21(3), 281–287. https://doi.org/10.17309/TMFV.2021.3.12
Lorente, L. M. L., Arrabal, A. A., & Pulido-Montes, C. (2020). The right to education and ict during covid-19: An international perspective. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(21), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12219091
Mercier, K., Centeio, E., Garn, A., Erwin, H., Marttinen, R., & Foley, J. (2021). Physical education teachers’ experi-ences with remote instruction during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 40(2), 337–342. https://doi.org/10.1123/JTPE.2020-0272
Metzler, M. W. (2011). Instructional Models for Physical Education. In Self-regulated learning: from teaching to self- … (3rd ed., Vol. 84, Issue 3). Rotledge Taylor & Francis Grup. http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=FQnLHRQJUccC&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&dq=three+phase+%22self+regulation%22+zimmerman&ots=DCH-YStyY0&sig=sVel0v_idfASir_T0bMHqGgM2Vs
Nasrulloh, A., Deviana, P., Yuniana, R., & Pratama, K. W. (2021). The Effect of Squat Training and Leg Length in Increasing the Leg Power of Volleyball Extracurricular Participants. Physical Education Theory and Methodolo-gy, 21(3), 244-252.
Nasrulloh, A., Prasetyo, Y., Nugroho, S., Yuniana, R., & Pratama, K. W. (2022). The effect of weight training with compound set method on strength and endurance among archery athletes. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 22(6), 1457-1463.
Nasrulloh, A., Prasetyo, Y., Nugroho, S., Yuniana, R., Pratama, K. W., Mustapha, A., & Idrus, S. Z. S. (2020, April). Tricet Method to Increase the Hypertrophy Muscle. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1529, No. 3, p. 032006). IOP Publishing.
Nopembri, S., Rismayanthi, C., Putro, K. H., Kristiyanto, A., Margono, A., Karakauki, M., & Pratama, K. W. (2022). Improvement of HOTS method in basketball game through TGFU learning. Physical Education Theory and Methodol-ogy, 22(1), 85-91.
Nugroho, S., Hidayat, R. A., Komari, A., Pratama, K. W., Karakauki, M., & Ali, S. K. S. (2022). Effect of Plyometric Exercise and Leg Muscle Endurance on the Agility and VO₂max of Badminton Athletes. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 22(3s), S71-S78.
Nugroho, S., Nasrulloh, A., Karyono, T. H., Dwihandaka, R., & Pratama, K. W. (2021). Effect of intensity and inter-val levels of trapping circuit training on the physical condition of badminton players. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 21, 1981-1987.
Pratama, K. W., Suharjana, S., Nasrulloh, A., Sabrin, L. O. M. ., Pranata, D. ., Pambayu, S. H. ., Hardianto, D. ., Sutapa, P. ., Auliana, R. ., Karakauki, M. ., Utami, D. ., Riyana, A. ., Astuti, A. T. ., Utami, D. Y. ., Trisnadi, R. A. ., Amran, A., Ali, S. K. S. ., Mustapha, A. ., Razali, M. N. ., Sonjaya, A. R. ., Permadi, A. A. ., & Arifin, Z. . (2024). RED-S Identification on Female Athlete. Challenges, 51, 1055–1061. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.101322
Pratama, K. W., Aman, M. S., Sutoyo, E., Karakauki, M., Ali, S. K. S., Mustapha, A., ... & Nasrulloh, A. (2022). An Alternative Soft Set Approach for Identifying Football Conflict: A Case Study of Indonesian Football Super League. International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 12(4), 1351-1364.
Prewitt, S. L., Hannon, J. C., Colquitt, G., Brusseau, T. A., Newton, M., & Shaw, J. (2015). Effect of Personalized System of Instruction on Health-Related Fitness Knowledge and Class Time Physical Activity. The Physical Educa-tor, 72, 23–39.
Pulido-Montes, C., & Ancheta-Arrabal. Ana. (2021). LA EDUCACIÓN REMOTA TRAS EL CIERRE DE ES-CUELAS COMO RESPUESTA INTERNACIONAL A LA COVID-19 REMOTE EDUCATION IN THE INTER-NATIONAL RESPONSE TO COVID-19 JÓVENES Y NUEVAS FORMAS DE COMUNICACIÓN Y MARKET-ING. Revista Prisma Social, 34, 236–266.
Riyana, A., Sutapa, P. ., Hardianto, D., Pratama, K. W., Utami, D. ., Auliana, R. ., Utami, D. Y. ., Trisnadi, R. A., Astuti, A. T. ., Karakauki, M. ., Amran, A., Ali, S. K. S. ., Suhartini, B. E., Nopembri, S., Irianto, J. P., Razali, M. N., & Mustapha, A. (2023). The Correlation of Socio-Economic Status towards Participation of Rafting Do-ers. Challenges, 52, 225–231. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v52.101850
Saifu, M. K., Ali, S. K. S., Mustapha, A., Muslim, B. A., Ismiyati, F., Sundara, C., ... & Yudhistira, D. (2021). The Effect of Small Game Exercise on Freestyle Swimming Speed: A Case Study of Halu Oleo University Sport Science Student. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(6), 1040-1045.
Salafi, M. I. E., Suherman, W. S., Suhartini, B., Antoni, M. S., & Pratama, K. W. (2022). Effect of the Eight-Week Sand Surface Exercise, Water Surface Exercise, and Power Leg Muscles Training Methods Toward Agility of Bas-ketball Players for Adolescent Players. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 22(3), 353-359.
Salafi, M. I. E., Suherman, W. S., Suhartini, B., Antoni, M. S., Pratama, K. W., Nurfadhila, R., Nugroho, W., & Miftachurohmah, Y. (2023). Design, Validation, and Reliability of a Basketball Skill and Performance Test Instru-ment in Adolescent Players. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 23(5), 668–677. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2023.5.03
Sanz-Remacha, M., Abós, Á., Sevil-Serrano, J., Asín, D., & García-González, L. (2022). Covid-19’s changes in the in-person physical education teaching: A qualitative study inPrimary and Secondary Education teachers. Retos, 44, 1121–1131. https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/retos/index
Sato, T., & Haegele, J. A. (2018). Undergraduate kinesiology students’ experiences in online motor development courses. Online Learning Journal, 22(2), 271–288. https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v22i2.1361
Sukendro, S., Karakauki, M., Ali, S. K. S., Kristiyanto, A., Pratama, K. W., Nasrulloh, A., ... & Phytanza, D. T. P. (2021). THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND PHYSICAL HEALTH LEVELS OF STUDENTS AT THE MODERN ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL. Sport Science, 15(1).
Sutapa, P., Pratama, K. W., Rosly, M. M., Ali, S. K. S., & Karakauki, M. (2021). Improving motor skills in early childhood through goal-oriented play activity. Children, 8(11), 994.
Sutapa, P., Prasetyo, Y., Pratama, K. W., Karakauki, M., Mustapha, A., & Idrus, S. Z. S. (2020, April). Motor Devel-opment Index (MDI) Based on Combination of Human Development Index (HDI) and Sport Development Index (SDI) as a Success Parameter of Motor Development among Preschool Children: An Observational Study. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1529, No. 3, p. 032003). IOP Publishing.
Tejerina, D. D., & Fernandez Rio, F. J. (2022). Physical Education and Covid-19. Student perceptions and lessons for the future. Retos, 45, 814–820.
Teräs, M., Suoranta, J., Teräs, H., & Curcher, M. (2020). Post-Covid-19 Education and Education Technology ‘Solu-tionism’: a Seller’s Market. Postdigital Science and Education, 2(3), 863–878. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-020-00164-x
Trisnadi, R. A., Ambardini, R. L., Kushartanti, B. W., Hardianto, D., Sutapa, P., Manil , K., Amran, A., Auliana, R. ., Utami, D. ., Utami, D. Y. ., Riyana, A. ., Astuti, A. T. ., Trisnadi, S. ., Widiyanto, B., Trisnani, S. M. ., Ulayatilmi-ladiyyah, N., Sarosa, H., Wahyudin Pratama, K. ., Ali, S. K. S. ., Sonjaya, A. R. ., Permadi, A. A., & Arifin, Z. (2024). El efecto del extracto de semilla de Salvia Hispánica L sobre los niveles de azúcar en sangre en ratas con actividad física moderada (The Effect Salvia Hispanica L Seed Extract on Blood Sugar Levels in Rats with Moderate Physical Activity). Retos, 51, 117–123. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.99236
Trisnadi, R. A., Kushartanti, B. M. W., Ambardini, R. L., Trisnadi, S., Trisnani, S. M.,
Ulayatilmiladiyyah, N., Karakauki, M., Amran, Rizqie, A., Utami, D., Utami, D. Y., Riyana, A., Astuti, A. T., Sutapa, P., Ali, S. K. S., Pratama, K. W., Sonjaya, A. R., Permadi, A. A., Arifin, Z. (2023). Effect of Chia Seed Ex-tract (Salvia Hispanica L) On Current Blood Sugar Levels and MDA Levels. Retos, 50, 826-830. DOI: 10.47197/retos.v50.99237
Utami, D., Sukarmin, Y., Widiyanto, Pribadi, A., Kristi, P. D., Utami, D. Y., Amalia, I. G., Pinandita, W. W., Amran, Auliana, R., Trisnadi, R. A., Astuti, A. T., Karakauki, M., Riyana, A., Pratama, K. W., Naufal, R. M. (2023). Reducing the feelings of work fatigue for women kindergarten teachers by implementing circulo massage. Fizjoterapia Polska, 23(2); 168-174.
Webster, C. A., D’Agostino, E., Urtel, M., McMullen, J., Culp, B., Egan Loiacono, C. A., & Killian, C. (2021). Phys-ical Education in the COVID Era: Considerations for Online Program Delivery Using the Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program Framework. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 40(2), 327–336. https://doi.org/10.1123/JTPE.2020-0182
Yao, S., Li, D., Yohannes, A., & Song, H. (2021). Exploration for network distance teaching and resource sharing system for higher education in epidemic situation of COVID-19. Procedia Computer Science, 183, 807–813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2021.03.002
Yu, J., & Jee, Y. (2021). Analysis of online classes in physical education during the covid-19 pandemic. Education Sciences, 11(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/EDUCSCI11010003
Yudhistira, D., Suherman, W. S., Wiratama, A., Wijaya, U. K., Paryadi, P., Faruk, M., ... & Pratama, K. W. (2021). Content Validity of the HIIT Training Program in Special Preparations to Improve the Dominant Biomotor Com-ponents of Kumite Athletes. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(5), 1051-1057.
Yuniana, R., Tomoliyus, B. M., Nasrulloh, A., Pratama, K. W., Rosly, M. M., Karakauki, M., & Ali, S. K. S. (2023). The Effectiveness of the Weight Training Method and Rest Interval on VO2 max, Flexibility, Muscle Strength, Muscular Endurance, and Fat Percentage in Students. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Scienc-es, 11(1), 213-223.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Retos
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and ensure the magazine the right to be the first publication of the work as licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of authorship of the work and the initial publication in this magazine.
- Authors can establish separate additional agreements for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (eg, to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Is allowed and authors are encouraged to disseminate their work electronically (eg, in institutional repositories or on their own website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as to a subpoena more Early and more of published work (See The Effect of Open Access) (in English).
This journal provides immediate open access to its content (BOAI, http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess) on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. The authors may download the papers from the journal website, or will be provided with the PDF version of the article via e-mail.
