Self-efficacy and outcome expectations as predictors of physical activity in midlife by gender
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v69.114162Keywords:
Adulthood, Middle-aged, Outcome Expectations, Physical Activity, Self-efficacyAbstract
Introduction: Self-efficacy and outcome expectations are key factors in physical activity engagement, influencing both adherence and participation levels. However, their relationship and predictive value according to gender is still not entirely clear.
Aim: To analyse the relationship between self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and physical activity levels, determining their predictive capacity in middle-aged men and women.
Methodology: A descriptive and comparative study was conducted using a non-probabilistic convenience sampling method. A total of 283 individuals participated (195 men and 88 women; mean age = 41.07 ± 11.42 years). An online questionnaire was administered, including the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and validated self-efficacy and outcome expectations scales (SEE-OEE). Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 28, incorporating descriptive tests, Spearman’s correlations, group comparisons, and predictive models.
Results: Men engaged more frequently in vigorous physical activities, whereas women demonstrated an increase in participation in recent years. Positive correlations were identified between self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and physical activity levels. Outcome expectations emerged as the most significant predictor.
Discussion: The findings support previous studies and highlight the need for gender-specific interventions, given the variability in the influence of these factors. Conclusions: Self-efficacy and outcome expectations are associated with physical activity and can predict engagement levels, with significant differences between men and women.
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