Eficacia de programas de estiramiento isquiosural en mayores de 60 años. Revisión sistemática (Efficacy of hamstring stretching programs in older than 60 years. Systematic review)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i26.34405Keywords:
rango de movimiento, ancianos, flexibilidad, revisión.Abstract
Numerosas investigaciones centran sus programas en la mejora de la flexibilidad isquiosural, ya que su acortamiento puede afectar negativamente a la columna, dando lugar a patologías como lumbalgias, espondilolisis, espondilolistesis, enfermedad de Scheuermann, incluso hernias discales de la región lumbosacra. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue conocer el efecto que tienen los programas de estiramiento sobre la flexibilidad de la musculatura isquiosural en personas mayores. De esta manera, se realizó una revisión sistemática analizando aquellos artículos que basaron sus estudios en la elaboración de diseños experimentales o cuasi-experimentales caracterizados por la puesta en práctica de programas de intervención en los que existe un estiramiento de la musculatura isquiosural. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, Sport Discus, Medline e ISI Web of Science desde su inicio hasta agosto de 2013. Los resultados obtenidos en los cuatro estudios incluidos en la presente investigación revelan un Tamaño del Efecto (TE) corregido total de 1,49, lo que significa que estos programas poseen un gran efecto sobre la ganancia de flexibilidad en la musculatura isquiosural. Como conclusión, el tiempo de estiramiento semanal parece ser uno de los factores que más influencia tienen sobre la mejora de la flexibilidad isquiosural en personas mayores.
Palabras clave: rango de movimiento, ancianos, flexibilidad, revisión.
Abstract: Extensive research focus their programs on improving hamstring flexibility because its shortening may adversely affect the column, leading to pathologies such back pain, spondylolysis, spondylolisthesis, Scheuermann disease, including disc herniation of the lumbosacral region. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of stretching programs on hamstring flexibility in older people. Thereby, it was performed a systematic review examining those articles that based their interventions on the development of experimental or quasi-experimental designs characterized by the implementation of hamstring stretching programs. A literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Sport Discus, Medline and ISI Web of Science data from their inception through August 2013. The results obtained in the four studies included in the present study show a total corrected Size Effect (SE) of 1.49, which means that these programs have a large effect on the hamstring flexibility gain. To conclude, the weekly stretching time is one of the factors that most influence the improvement of hamstring flexibility in older people.
Key words: range of motion, older, flexibility, review.
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