Actitudes hacia la educación física: Grados de importancia y conformidad según escolares de Chile y Alemania. Una mirada intercultural (Attitudes towards physical education: Degrees of importance and conformance among schoolchildren in Chile and Germany.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i32.52824Keywords:
Educación física, actitudes, escolares, Chile, Alemania(Physical education, Attitudes, Students, Germany)Abstract
El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar y comparar las actitudes hacia la educación física de escolares chilenos y alemanes, centrándose en el grado de importancia que ellos le otorgan a la asignatura y en el grado de conformidad que tienen con las clases que están recibiendo, según país, género y curso. Fueron encuestados 2.748 escolares de las regiones de la Araucanía en Chile (50%), y del Sarre en Alemania (50%). Se utilizó el “Cuestionario de Actitudes de los Escolares hacia la Educación Física”, elaborado y validado por el Instituto de Ciencias del Deporte de la Universidad del Sarre de Alemania. Los resultados indican que la mayoría de los escolares presentan actitudes positivas hacia la educación física. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre el alumnado de ambos países, en donde los escolares de Chile le otorgan un mayor grado de importancia a la educación física que los escolares de Alemania, mientras que los escolares alemanes manifiestan un mayor grado de conformidad hacia la educación física que los escolares chilenos. Se establece que los varones le otorgan mayor importancia a la educación física que las damas, mientras que en el grado de conformidad estas diferencias según sexo no se presentan. Por último, se confirma que a medida que va aumentando la edad estas apreciaciones favorables hacia la educación física disminuyen. Los resultados de esta investigación indican que existe una favorable disposición del alumnado hacia la educación física, la cual se debe aprovechar para lograr mejores aprendizajes.Abstract: The object of the present study was to analyze and compare attitudes towards physical education among Chilean and German schoolchildren, concentrating on the degree of importance that they attribute to the subject and their degree of conformance with the classes that they receive, by country, gender, and school grade. A survey was applied to 2,748 schoolchildren in the Araucanía Region of Chile (50%) and the federal state of Saarland in Germany (50%). The survey used the “Questionnaire on Schoolchildren's Attitudes to Physical Education”, drafted and validated by the Institute of Sport Sciences of the University of Saarland in Germany. Results indicate that the majority of schoolchildren present positive attitudes towards physical education. Significant differences were found between pupils from the two countries: schoolchildren in Chile attribute a greater degree of importance to physical education than those in Germany, while German schoolchildren express a greater degree of conformance with physical education than Chileans. It was found that boys attribute greater importance to physical education than girls, but that no gender differences exist regarding the degree of conformance. Finally, it was found that as children advance in age, favorable opinions on physical education diminish. The results of this work indicate that pupils have a favorable disposition towards physical education, which should be exploited to increase learning.
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