Análisis comparativo de la metodología mixta y la basada en juegos reducidos en el fútbol base (Comparative analysis mixed methodology and small-sided games in young soccer players)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i32.56039Keywords:
Fútbol formativo, métodos de enseñanza, juegos reducidos, metodología mixta, test físico-técnico-táctico (Young soccer players, teaching methods, small-sided games, mixed methodology, physical-technical-tactical test)Abstract
El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar un programa de entrenamiento utilizando una metodología mixta con otra basada en juegos reducidos (JR) en jugadores de fútbol jóvenes. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 24 jugadores, divididos en dos grupos: 12 jugadores de fútbol (11,69 ± 0,29 años de edad; 39,92 ± 9,03 kg de peso; 145,44 ± 7,03 cm de altura) utilizaron la metodología basada en juegos reducidos, y los otros 12 jugadores (11,74 ± 0,26 años; 37,04 ± 4,93 kg de peso; 145,12 ± 6,18 cm de altura) utilizaron la metodología mixta, todos los participantes pertenecían a la categoría alevín. Los programas estaban compuestos de 12 sesiones de 90 minutos durante 6 semanas. Los futbolistas fueron evaluados previa y posteriormente a la realización del programa (pre-test y post-test) mediante 4 test técnicos (conducción lineal, con cambio de dirección, tiro y pase en carrera), 1 test táctico que enfrentaba a ambos grupos (posesión 4vs4) y 2 test físicos (Course Navette y salto horizontal). Tras el análisis estadístico con la prueba T Student, se encuentran diferencias significativas (p<.05) de los jugadores que utilizaron la metodología basada en JR en los gestos de conducción de balón (lineal y con giros) y en la eficacia y número de pases efectuados durante la conservación de balón.
Abstract. The aim of this study was to compare a training program using mixed methodology with another based on small-sided games (JR) in young soccer players. The sample consisted of 24 players, divided into two groups: 12 soccer players (11.69±0.29 years, 39.92 ± 9.03 kg, 145.44 ± 7.03 cm) used the methodology based on small-sided games, and the other 12 players (11.74 ± 0.26 years, 37.04 ± 4.93 kg, 145.12 ± 6.18 cm) used the mixed methodology, all participants belonged to the U12 category. The programs were composed of 12 sessions of 90 minutes for 6 weeks. The players were evaluated before and after the program (pre-test and post-test) by means of four technical tests (linear conduction with change of direction, shot and pass in the race), one a tactical test facing both groups (possession 4vs4) and two physical test (course navette and horizontal jump). After the statistical analysis with the t-test, we find significant differences (p <.05) of the players who used the methodology based on small-sided games in the gestures of ball conduction (linear and with turns) and in the effectiveness and number of passes made during conservation ball.
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