Efecto de Pilates prenatal sobre la velocidad de oscilación del centro de presión y su correlación con la intensidad del dolor lumbar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v67.114038Palabras clave:
Ejercicios prenatales, ejercicios prenatales, Lumbalgia, Salud Materna, Pilates, Control posturalResumen
Introducción: Se ha demostrado que Pilates reduce el riesgo de caídas. Además, la intensidad del dolor lumbar (lumbalgia) puede afectar el control postural.
Objetivo: Determinar el impacto del Pilates prenatal en el control postural de las mujeres embarazadas y si se ve afectado por la gravedad del dolor lumbar.
Metodología: ensayo controlado aleatorio. Los participantes (18-35 años) fueron asignados aleatoriamente en dos grupos (31 en cada grupo: grupo de intervención y grupo de control). Se determinó la velocidad de oscilación del centro de presión. Se utilizó la Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) para evaluar la gravedad del dolor lumbar.
Resultados: Un ANOVA mixto 2x2 mostró resultados significativos para la velocidad promedio del centro de presión medida con los ojos cerrados sobre una superficie dura (F= 8,743, ηp2 = 0,160, p = 0,005), los ojos abiertos sobre una superficie de espuma (F= 9,877, ηp2 = 0,177, p = 0,003) y los ojos cerrados sobre una superficie de espuma (F= 19,937, ηp2 = 0,302, p = 0,001) Las puntuaciones de la EVA posterior a la prueba se correlacionan de débil a moderadamente con la velocidad promedio del balanceo postural durante el tercer trimestre.
Discusión: Se espera que el control de la postura estática de una mujer embarazada se deteriore del segundo al tercer trimestre. Los ejercicios de Pilates mejoran la retroalimentación propioceptiva y el control postural al apuntar específicamente a los músculos centrales y del suelo pélvico.
Conclusión: Pilates ayuda a las mujeres embarazadas a conservar la estabilidad postural. Este impacto fue mayor cuando los participantes fueron evaluados sobre una superficie inestable sin información visual. Durante el tercer trimestre, la gravedad del dolor lumbar y el balanceo postural están correlacionados de débil a moderadamente.
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