Crescimento físico, ambiente escolar e informação sobre a atividade física infantil à nascença: uma análise multinível

Autores

  • Teresinha de Jesus Sousa Lima School of Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
  • Thaliane Mayara Pessôa dos Prazeres School of Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
  • Marcella Dantas Ribeiro School of Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
  • Maria Clara César Vila Nova de Oliveira Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
  • Rafael dos Santos Henrique Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
  • Jorge Bezerra School of Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
  • João Francisco Lins Brayner Rangel Junior School of Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
  • Mauro Virgílio Gomes de Barros School of Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3165-0965
  • Daniel da Rocha Queiroz Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9901-4677
  • Marcos André Moura dos Santos School of Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v68.109408

Palavras-chave:

Peso ao nascer, tipo de parto, escolares, modelagem multinível

Resumo

Introdução: Existe um interesse crescente académico e político em promover a saúde das crianças e jovens, garantindo que o ambiente escolar apoia comportamentos saudáveis.
Objectivo: O estudo visa descrever e interpretar a variabilidade da actividade física infantil com base nas características individuais e no contexto escolar, utilizando a abordagem de modelação multinível.
Metodologia: Foram avaliadas 453 crianças (236 rapazes e 217 raparigas) com idades compreendidas entre os 5 e os 7,5 anos. Foram avaliados os dados antropométricos, a informação sobre o nascimento, a atividade física regular organizada (desporto), a atividade física (AF), o nível socioeconómico e o contexto escolar. Foi utilizado um modelo multinível para identificar efeitos hierárquicos (nível da criança e da escola).
Resultados: No modelo (M0) (β=60,54; p<0,01), apenas 1,4% da variância total do nível de AFMV das crianças foi explicada pelas diferenças no contexto escolar, enquanto os restantes 98,6% foram explicados pelos preditores individuais. Após a inclusão dos preditores ao nível da criança (M1), apenas a variável estado nutricional apresentou associação significativa com o tempo em AFMV (β= -5,13; p=0,04). No Modelo 2, a adição de informação sobre o contexto escolar não modificou a ordem de importância de nenhum fator. No entanto, a variável estado nutricional continua significativamente associada ao tempo em AFMV (β= -5,08; p=0,04).
Conclusões: Concluindo, apenas o estado nutricional se associou à variação da AFMV. Embora as características individuais influenciem mais a AFMV do que as características do contexto escolar, devem ser desenvolvidas políticas para promover a atividade física e controlar o excesso de peso e a obesidade nas escolas, com o objetivo de incentivar a adoção de estilos de vida mais ativos e saudáveis.

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Publicado

2025-06-06

Como Citar

de Jesus Sousa Lima, T., Pessôa dos Prazeres, T. M., Dantas Ribeiro, M., Vila Nova de Oliveira, M. C. C., dos Santos Henrique, R., Bezerra, J., … Moura dos Santos, M. A. (2025). Crescimento físico, ambiente escolar e informação sobre a atividade física infantil à nascença: uma análise multinível. Retos, 68, 803–812. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v68.109408

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Artigos de caráter científico: trabalhos de pesquisas básicas e/ou aplicadas.