O impacto da adesão aos telefones inteligentes nos padrões de exercício: revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v64.110781Palavras-chave:
Dependência de smartphones, hábitos de exercício, atividade física, saúde mental, saúde físicaResumo
Introdução: O vício dos smartphones tornou-se um problema generalizado, impactando vários aspetos da saúde e do estilo de vida. Este estudo examina a relação entre a dependência de smartphones e os hábitos de exercício, com foco nas dimensões psicológicas, físicas, sociais e neurobiológicas. Ao sintetizar as evidências existentes, proporciona uma compreensão abrangente de como o uso excessivo de smartphones influencia os níveis de atividade física e o bem-estar geral.
Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática seguindo os princípios PRISMA. Os critérios de elegibilidade incluíram estudos revistos por pares em inglês, examinando a dependência de smartphones e os hábitos de exercício. Bases de dados como PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science e PsycINFO foram pesquisadas utilizando palavras-chave relevantes. Os estudos incluídos foram ensaios clínicos randomizados, estudos de coorte, estudos longitudinais e estudos transversais. A extração de dados enfatizou os impactos nos hábitos de exercício e nos resultados de saúde associados.
Resultados: A revisão encontrou correlações significativas entre o uso excessivo de smartphones e resultados negativos para a saúde. O vício em smartphones foi associado ao aumento da depressão, ansiedade e stress, juntamente com a diminuição da autoestima. Foi observada uma correlação negativa entre o uso de smartphones e a atividade física, estando a maior utilização associada à redução dos hábitos de exercício. Desconforto físico e desempenho prejudicado devido ao uso prolongado do smartphone também foram relatados. Estas descobertas foram consistentes entre estudantes, atletas e adolescentes.
Conclusão: São necessárias intervenções direcionadas para mitigar os efeitos adversos da dependência de smartphones na saúde física e mental. Programas educativos, apoio psicológico e iniciativas que promovam a atividade física são cruciais. A investigação futura deverá explorar estudos longitudinais e ferramentas de bem-estar digital para abordar a dependência dos smartphones e promover comunidades mais saudáveis e ativas.
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2025 Siti Kotijah, Ah Yusuf, Rizki Fitryasari P K, Ronal Surya Aditya, Binarti Dwi Wahyuni, Reem Iafi AlMutairi, Fitriana Kurniasari Solikhah, Muhammad Putra Ramadhan
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