Efeitos de um programa de mindfulness para a dor crónica em atletas com deficiência física: um estudo quase experimental
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v65.111464Palavras-chave:
Estratégias de coping, dor crónica, distúrbios emocionais, atenção plena, Para atletas, deficiência físicaResumo
Introdução: O programa Mindful Sport Performance Enhancement (MSPE) mostrou mudanças positivas em aspetos-chave que contribuem para o desempenho desportivo. Até à data, não foi realizado nenhum estudo em para-atletas com deficiência física utilizando programas baseados em mindfulness como estratégia para a gestão da dor crónica.
Objectivo: Determinar a utilidade do programa MSPE adaptado (combinação de MSPE e Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction [MBSR]) em comparação com o grupo de treino de relaxamento como estratégia para a gestão da dor crónica.
Metodologia: 36 para-atletas com dor crónica participaram num desenho quase experimental de dois grupos pré-pós-intervenção. Foram avaliados: 1) intensidade e frequência da dor com escala tipo Likert, 2) níveis de depressão, ansiedade e stress (Escalas de Depressão, Ansiedade e Stress [DASS-21]), 3) catastrofização (Coping Strategies Questionnaire [CSQ]), 4) aceitação da dor (Cronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire [CPAQ-R]) e 5) satisfação com a vida (Life Satisfaction Scale [SWLS]).
Resultados: O grupo que recebeu o programa MSPE adaptado apresentou uma redução significativa da intensidade da dor, frequência, níveis de depressão e stress. Além disso, verificou-se um aumento da aceitação da dor e da satisfação com a vida. Tanto no grupo submetido a PEEM adaptada como no grupo de treino de relaxamento, observou-se uma redução dos níveis de ansiedade e catastrofização perante a dor.
Conclusões: Os resultados obtidos parecem indicar que o programa MSPE adaptado pode ser considerado como uma alternativa não farmacológica para a gestão da dor crónica, melhorando os cuidados e o apoio aos para-atletas de competição com deficiência física.
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