Os compostos fitoquímicos do pepino-do-mar têm potencial para reduzir os níveis de TNF-a após o exercício
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v65.112930Palavras-chave:
Pepino do mar, inflamação, exercício, estilo de vida saudávelResumo
Introdução: Níveis elevados de TNF-a no sangue após o exercício podem causar dores musculares.
Objectivo: Este estudo tem como objectivo analisar o potencial dos compostos fitoquímicos do pepino-do-mar na redução dos níveis de TNF-a após o exercício.
Metodologia: Este tipo de investigação é uma investigação experimental. A seleção dos sujeitos foi realizada pelo método de amostragem propositada. Os indivíduos foram então divididos em dois grupos: o grupo de tratamento (K1) recebeu pepinos do mar e o grupo de controlo (K2) recebeu placebo. O pepino do mar é administrado como suplemento na dose de 500 mg. 16 rapazes saudáveis participaram neste estudo. Os participantes do estudo tinham entre 20 e 25 anos. Foram três dias dedicados à recolha de dados, começando pela recolha de informação sobre as características dos sujeitos. Os indivíduos foram então instruídos para se aquecerem. A prática é feita mais tarde. Os exercícios realizados incluem musculação com intensidade máxima. 24 horas após o exercício, foi colhido sangue para obter dados pré-teste para medir os níveis de TNF-a. De seguida, as amostras receberam intervenção placebo e suplementos de pepino do mar de acordo com os seus respetivos grupos. 48 horas após o exercício, foi colhido sangue para obter dados pós-teste para medir os níveis de TNF-a.
Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que a suplementação de pepino-do-mar após o exercício reduziu significativamente os níveis de TNF-α em homens saudáveis p<0,05*.
Discussão: As propriedades anti-inflamatórias do pepino-do-mar podem ter um impacto positivo na redução dos níveis de TNF-α após o exercício.
Conclusões: A suplementação com pepino-do-mar na dose de 500 mg foi capaz de reduzir significativamente os níveis de TNF-α. Recomendamos investigar o efeito da suplementação de pepino-do-mar e pinheiro nos níveis de IL-6 no futuro.
Referências
Aatab, F., Bellali, F., Aboudamia, F. Z., Errhif, A., & Kharroubi, M. (2023). Phenolic compounds and in vitro antioxidant activity of spray-dried and freeze-dried aqueous extracts of sea cucumber (Holothuria tubulosa). Journal of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, 11(6), 158–167. https://doi.org/10.7324/JABB.2023.130990
Ajiboye, B. O., Shonibare, M. T., & Oyinloye, B. E. (2020). Antidiabetic activity of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) juice in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, 19(1), 343–352. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-020-00515-2
Amalraj, A., Divya, C., & Gopi, S. (2020). The Effects of Bioavailable Curcumin (Cureit) on Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Induced by Eccentric Continuous Exercise: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Study. Journal of Medicinal Food, 23(5), 545–553. https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2019.4533
Anggraini, C. P., Parisihni, K., & W, W. (2016). The Effect Of Sea Cucumber Powder And Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy On The Expression Of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alfa In Rats With Diabetes Mellitus Induced By Porphyromonas gingivalis. Denta, 10(1), 79. https://doi.org/10.30649/denta.v10i1.40
Aprianto, R., Amir, N., Kasmiati, Matusalach, Fahrul, Syahrul, Tresnati, J., Tuwo, A., & Nakajima, M. (2019). Economically important sea cucumber processing techniques in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 370(1), 0–9. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/370/1/012082
Ayubi, N., Yuniarti, E., Kusnanik, N. W., Herawati, L., Indika, P. M., Putra, R. Y., & Komaini, A. (2022). Acute effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) reducing tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) levels and not lowering malondialdehyde (MDA) levels after anaerobic exercise. Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents, 36(1), 7–11. https://doi.org/10.23812/21-468-A
Bakhtiari, F., Matin Homaee, H., & Ghazalian, F. (2020). The Effect of Aerobic Training on Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 alpha & Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Gene Expression in Cardiac Tissue of Diabetic Rats. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Obesity, December. https://doi.org/10.18502/ijdo.v12i2.4047
Bańkowski, S., Wójcik, Z. B., Grabara, M., Ozner, D., Pałka, T., Stanek, A., & Sadowska-Krępa, E. (2025). Does curcumin supplementation affect inflammation, blood count and serum brain-derived neurotropic factor concentration in amateur long-distance runners? PLoS ONE, 20(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0317446
Brown, M., McClean, C. M., Davison, G. W., Brown, J. C. W., & Murphy, M. H. (2018). The acute effects of walking exercise intensity on systemic cytokines and oxidative stress. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 118(10), 2111–2120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-018-3930-z
Brzustewicz, E., & Bryl, E. (2015). The role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis - Practical and potential application of cytokines as biomarkers and targets of personalized therapy. Cytokine, 76(2), 527–536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2015.08.260
Carletti, A., Cardoso, C., Lobo-Arteaga, J., Sales, S., Juliao, D., Ferreira, I., Chainho, P., Dionísio, M. A., Gaudêncio, M. J., Afonso, C., Lourenço, H., Cancela, M. L., Bandarra, N. M., & Gavaia, P. J. (2022). Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Extracts From Sea Cucumbers and Tunicates Induce a Pro-osteogenic Effect in Zebrafish Larvae. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9(May), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.888360
Chalchat, E., Gaston, A. F., Charlot, K., Peñailillo, L., Valdés, O., Tardo-Dino, P. E., Nosaka, K., Martin, V., Garcia-Vicencio, S., & Siracusa, J. (2022). Appropriateness of indirect markers of muscle damage following lower limbs eccentric-biased exercises: A systematic review with meta-analysis. PLoS ONE, 17(7 July), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271233
Chen, A. Q., Fang, Z., Chen, X. L., Yang, S., Zhou, Y. F., Mao, L., Xia, Y. P., Jin, H. J., Li, Y. N., You, M. F., Wang, X. X., Lei, H., He, Q. W., & Hu, B. (2019). Microglia-derived TNF-α mediates endothelial necroptosis aggravating blood brain–barrier disruption after ischemic stroke. Cell Death and Disease, 10(7). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-019-1716-9
Cuenca-Martínez, F., Sempere-Rubio, N., Varangot-Reille, C., Fernández-Carnero, J., Suso-Martí, L., Alba-Quesada, P., & Touche, R. La. (2022). Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on Patients with Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis with a Meta-Regression and Mapping Report. Diagnostics, 12(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12102532
de Freitas, M. C., Gerosa-Neto, J., Zanchi, N. E., Lira, F. S., & Rossi, F. E. (2017). Role of metabolic stress for enhancing muscle adaptations: Practical applications. World Journal of Methodology, 7(2), 46. https://doi.org/10.5662/wjm.v7.i2.46
de Morais, A. C. L., Machado, Á. S., Pereira, M. E. F., da Silva, W., Priego-Quesada, J. I., & Carpes, F. P. (2024). Intensity and volume of physical exercise influence DOMS and skin temperature differently in healthy adults. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-79785-2
Dewi, L., Agung, A., Agung, I., & Nataswari, S. (2025). Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of sea cucumber extract in mitigating hepatic TNF- α elevation induced by high-fat diet. 1–5.
Elfidasari, D., Noriko, N., Wulandari, N., & Perdana, A. T. (2012). Identification of sea cucumbers from the genus Holothuria from the waters around the Thousand Islands based on morphological differences. Jurnal Al-Azhar Indonesia Seri Sains Dan Teknologi, 1(3), 140.
Givli, S. (2015). Contraction Induced Muscle Injury: Towards Personalized Training and Recovery Programs. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 43(2), 388–403. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-014-1173-7
Grgić, J., Šelo, G., Planinić, M., Tišma, M., & Bucić-Kojić, A. (2020). Role of the encapsulation in bioavailability of phenolic compounds. Antioxidants, 9(10), 1–36. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9100923
Gustini, N., Wulandari, D. A., Rachman, F., Septiana, E., Rahmawati, S. I., Syahputra, G., Sari, M., & Putra, M. Y. (2023). Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Sand Sea Cucumber (Holothuria scabra) Extracts using Wet Rendering Extraction Method. Jurnal Kimia Sains Dan Aplikasi, 26(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.26.1.1-9
Haryanto, H., Arisandi, D., Oe, M., Ogai, K., Suriadi, S., Okuwa, M., & Sugama, J. (2022). Effect of Sea Cucumber on Reducing Periwound Maceration and Inflammation-Related Indicators in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcers Indonesia. Indonesian Nursing Journal of Education and Clinic (Injec), 7(1), 102. https://doi.org/10.24990/injec.v7i1.504
Heiss, R., Lutter, C., Freiwald, J., Hoppe, M. W., Grim, C., Poettgen, K., Forst, R., Bloch, W., Hüttel, M., & Hotfiel, T. (2019). Advances in Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) - Part II: Treatment and Prevention. Sportverletzung-Sportschaden, 33(1), 21–29. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0810-3516
Hossain, A., Dave, D., & Shahidi, F. (2020). Northern sea cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa): A potential candidate for functional food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical sector. Marine Drugs, 18(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/md18050274
Hossain, A., Dave, D., & Shahidi, F. (2022). Antioxidant Potential of Sea Cucumbers and Their Beneficial Effects on Human Health. Marine Drugs, 20(8), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.3390/md20080521
Hossain, A., Yeo, J. D., Dave, D., & Shahidi, F. (2022). Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity of Sea Cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa) Processing Discards as Affected by High-Pressure Processing (HPP). Antioxidants, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11020337
Hung, B. L., Sun, C. Y., Chang, N. J., & Chang, W. D. (2021). Effects of Different Kinesio-Taping Applications for Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness after High-Intensity Interval Training Exercise: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6676967
Jäger, R., Purpura, M., & Kerksick, C. M. (2019). Eight weeks of a high dose of curcumin supplementation may attenuate performance decrements following muscle-damaging exercise. Nutrients, 11(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11071692
Jamurtas, A. Z., Fatouros, I. G., Deli, C. K., Georgakouli, K., Poulios, A., Draganidis, D., Papanikolaou, K., Tsimeas, P., Chatzinikolaou, A., Avloniti, A., Tsiokanos, A., & Koutedakis, Y. (2018). The effects of acute low-volume HIIT and aerobic exercise on leukocyte count and redox status. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 17(3), 501–508.
Janakiram, N. B., Mohammed, A., & Rao, C. V. (2015). Sea cucumbers metabolites as potent anti-cancer agents. Marine Drugs, 13(5), 2909–2923. https://doi.org/10.3390/md13052909
Jiménez-Maldonado, A., Montero, S., Lemus, M., Cerna-Cortés, J., Rodríguez-Hernández, A., Mendoza, M. A., Melnikov, V., Gamboa-Domínguez, A., Muñiz, J., Virgen-Ortiz, A., & de Alvarez-Buylla, E. R. (2019). Moderate and high intensity chronic exercise reduces plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha and increases the langerhans islet area in healthy rats. Journal of Musculoskeletal Neuronal Interactions, 19(3), 354–361.
Jürgenson, J., Serg, M., Kampus, P., Kals, J., Zagura, M., Zilmer, K., Zilmer, M., Eha, J., & Unt, E. (2021). Effect of half-marathon running on arterial stiffness and blood biomarkers in high-level and recreational male athletes. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 20(4), 548–556. https://doi.org/10.52082/jssm.2021.548
Khotimchenko, Y. (2018). Pharmacological potential of sea cucumbers. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(5), 1–42. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19051342
Kruk, J., Aboul-Enein, B. H., Duchnik, E., & Marchlewicz, M. (2022). Antioxidative properties of phenolic compounds and their effect on oxidative stress induced by severe physical exercise. Journal of Physiological Sciences, 72(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12576-022-00845-1
Lamb, G. D., & Westerblad, H. (2011). Acute effects of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species on the contractile function of skeletal muscle. Journal of Physiology, 589(9), 2119–2127. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2010.199059
Lee, Y. S., Bae, S. H., Hwang, J. A., & Kim, K. Y. (2015). The effects of kinesio taping on architecture, strength and pain of muscles in delayed onset muscle soreness of biceps brachii. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 27(2), 457–459. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.457
Lulińska-Kuklik, E., Maculewicz, E., Moska, W., Ficek, K., Kaczmarczyk, M., Michałowska-Sawczyn, M., Humińska-Lisowska, K., Buryta, M., Chycki, J., Cięszczyk, P., Żmijewski, P., Rzeszutko, A., Sawczuk, M., Stastny, P., Petr, M., & Maciejewska-Skrendo, A. (2019). Are IL1B, IL6 and IL6R gene variants associated with anterior cruciate ligament rupture susceptibility? Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 18(1), 137–145.
Mason, S. A., Trewin, A. J., Parker, L., & Wadley, G. D. (2020). Antioxidant supplements and endurance exercise: Current evidence and mechanistic insights. Redox Biology, 35(February), 101471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2020.101471
Mittal, S. K., & Roche, P. A. (2015). Suppression of antigen presentation by IL-10. Current Opinion in Immunology, 34, 22–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coi.2014.12.009
Mizumura, K., & Taguchi, T. (2016). Delayed onset muscle soreness: Involvement of neurotrophic factors. Journal of Physiological Sciences, 66(1), 43–52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12576-015-0397-0
Muhammad Maskur1, Mohammad Sayuti2*, Ferliana Widyasari3 and R. Haryo Bimo Setiarto4, 5, & 1. (2024). Bioactive Compound and Functional Properties of Sea Cucumbers as Nutraceutical Products (pp. 45–64).
Nanavati, K., Rutherfurd-Markwick, K., Lee, S. J., Bishop, N. C., & Ali, A. (2022). Effect of curcumin supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage: a narrative review. European Journal of Nutrition. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-022-02943-7
Pangestuti, R., & Arifin, Z. (2018). Medicinal and health benefit effects of functional sea cucumbers. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, 8(3), 341–351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.06.007
Porto, A. A., Gonzaga, L. A., Benjamim, C. J. R., & Valenti, V. E. (2023). Absence of Effects of L-Arginine and L-Citrulline on Inflammatory Biomarkers and Oxidative Stress in Response to Physical Exercise: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Nutrients, 15(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15081995
Pranweerapaiboon, K., Apisawetakan, S., Nobsathian, S., Itharat, A., Sobhon, P., & Chaithirayanon, K. (2020). An ethyl-acetate fraction of Holothuria scabra modulates inflammation in vitro through inhibiting the production of nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines via NF-κB and JNK pathways. Inflammopharmacology, 28(4), 1027–1037. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-019-00677-3
Purcell, S. W., Gossuin, H., & Agudo, N. S. (2009). Status and management of the sea cucumber fishery of la Grande Terre, New Caledonia. Programme ZoNéCo. WorldFish Center Studies and Reviews No. 1901. (Issue January).
Santhanam, R., Azam, N. S. M., Khadar, A. S. A., Louise, A., Dominic, G., Sofian, N. S. A., Han, S. W., Karunakaran, T., Nagappan, T., Muhammad, T. S. T., & Vigneswari, S. (2022). Anticancer Potential of Three Sea Cucumber Species Extracts on Human Breast Cancer Cell Line. Squalen Bulletin of Marine and Fisheries Postharvest and Biotechnology, 17(2), 85–94. https://doi.org/10.15578/squalen.669
Sari, S. (2021). Suriani Sari; Dosen IKIP PGRI PONTIANAK 97. Mengatasi DOMS Setelah Olarhraga, 97–107.
Senadheera, T. R. L., Hossain, A., Dave, D., & Shahidi, F. (2023). Antioxidant and ACE-Inhibitory Activity of Protein Hydrolysates Produced from Atlantic Sea Cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa). Molecules, 28(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28135263
Shobeiri, P., Seyedmirzaei, H., Karimi, N., Rashidi, F., Teixeira, A. L., Brand, S., Sadeghi-Bahmani, D., & Rezaei, N. (2022). IL-6 and TNF-α responses to acute and regular exercise in adult individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS): a systematic review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Medical Research, 27(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-022-00814-9
Shukla, R., Pandey, V., Vadnere, G. P., & Lodhi, S. (2019). Role of Flavonoids in Management of Inflammatory Disorders. In Bioactive Food as Dietary Interventions for Arthritis and Related Inflammatory Diseases (2nd ed.). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-813820-5.00018-0
Silva, A. G., Alvarelhão, J., Queirós, A., & Rocha, N. P. (2013). Pain intensity is associated with self-reported disability for several domains of life in a sample of patients with musculoskeletal pain aged 50 or more. Disability and Health Journal, 6(4), 369–376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2013.04.007
Tachtsis, B., Camera, D., & Lacham-Kaplan, O. (2018). Potential roles of n-3 PUFAs during skeletal muscle growth and regeneration. Nutrients, 10(3), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10030309
Taherkhani, S., Suzuki, K., & Castell, L. (2020). A short overview of changes in inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in response to physical activity and antioxidant supplementation. Antioxidants, 9(9), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9090886
Tsao, J. P., Bernard, J. R., Hsu, H. C., Hsu, C. L., Liao, S. F., & Cheng, I. S. (2022). Short-Term Oral Quercetin Supplementation Improves Post-exercise Insulin Sensitivity, Antioxidant Capacity and Enhances Subsequent Cycling Time to Exhaustion in Healthy Adults: A Pilot Study. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9(April), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.875319
Tu, H., & Li, Y. L. (2023). Inflammation balance in skeletal muscle damage and repair. Frontiers in Immunology, 14(January), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1133355
Tuwo, A., & Tresnati, J. (2015). Sea Cucumber Farming in Southeast Asia (Malaysia, Philippines, Indonesia, Vietnam). In Echinoderm Aquaculture (Issue November 2015). https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119005810.ch15
Wang, Q., Shi, J., Zhong, H., Abdullah, Zhuang, J., Zhang, J., Wang, J., Zhang, X., & Feng, F. (2021). High-degree hydrolysis sea cucumber peptides improve exercise performance and exert antifatigue effect via activating the NRF2 and AMPK signaling pathways in mice. Journal of Functional Foods, 86(August), 104677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2021.104677
Wang, X., Fan, M., Meng, Q., Zhang, D., & Liu, T. (2024). Effects of high-intensity interval training on lipid metabolism , tumor necrosis factor-α , and C-reactive proteinin overweight children. 16(11), 6889–6902.
Wargasetia, T. L., Ratnawati, H., Widodo, N., & Widyananda, M. H. (2023). Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Sea Cucumber (Holothuria scabra) Active Compounds against KEAP1 and iNOS Protein. Bioinformatics and Biology Insights, 17. https://doi.org/10.1177/11779322221149613
Xu, F., Zeng, J., Liu, X., Lai, J., & Xu, J. (2022). Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage and Protein Intake: A Bibliometric and Visual Analysis. Nutrients, 14(20), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14204288
Yahfoufi, N., Alsadi, N., Jambi, M., & Matar, C. (2018). The immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory role of polyphenols. Nutrients, 10(11), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10111618
Yoon, W. Y., Lee, K., & Kim, J. (2020). Curcumin supplementation and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS): effects, mechanisms, and practical considerations. Physical Activity and Nutrition, 24(3), 39–43. https://doi.org/10.20463/pan.2020.0020
Yudo, V., Widjiati, Notopuro, H., Listiawan, Y., Utomo, B., Rejeki, P. S., Utami, P. D., & Aryati. (2022). Effects of Golden Sea Cucumber Extract (Stichopus hermanni) on Hyphae, Neutrophils and TNF-α in BALB/c Mice Inoculated with C. albicans Intravaginally. Pharmacognosy Journal, 14(4), 278–285. https://doi.org/10.5530/pj.2022.14.97
Yusuf, S., Tuwo, A., Tresnati, J., Moore, A. M., & Conand, C. (2017). Teripang fishing activities at Barang Lompo Island, Sulawesi, Indonesia: An update 20 years after a visit in 1996. SPC Beche-de-Mer Information Bulletin, 37(March), 99–102. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317061443
Żebrowska, A., Jastrzȩbski, D., Sadowska-Krȩpa, E., Sikora, M., & Di Giulio, C. (2019). Comparison of the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training in hypoxia and normoxia in healthy male volunteers: A pilot study. BioMed Research International, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7315714
Zhao, Y. C., Xue, C. H., Zhang, T. T., & Wang, Y. M. (2018). Saponins from Sea Cucumber and Their Biological Activities. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 66(28), 7222–7237. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01770
Downloads
Publicado
Edição
Secção
Licença
Direitos de Autor (c) 2025 Novadri Ayubi, Sri Gusti Handayani, Afifan Yulfadinata, Anton Komaini, Junian Cahyanto Wibawa, Ainun Zulfikar Rizki, Alvin Afandi, Muhammad Firman Halip
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-SemDerivações 4.0.
Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos:
- Autores mantém os direitos autorais e assegurar a revista o direito de ser a primeira publicação da obra como licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution que permite que outros para compartilhar o trabalho com o crédito de autoria do trabalho e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- Os autores podem estabelecer acordos adicionais separados para a distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicado na revista (por exemplo, a um repositório institucional, ou publicá-lo em um livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- É permitido e os autores são incentivados a divulgar o seu trabalho por via electrónica (por exemplo, em repositórios institucionais ou no seu próprio site), antes e durante o processo de envio, pois pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como a uma intimação mais Cedo e mais do trabalho publicado (Veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre) (em Inglês).
Esta revista é a "política de acesso aberto" de Boai (1), apoiando os direitos dos usuários de "ler, baixar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, pesquisar, ou link para os textos completos dos artigos". (1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess
