Explorando el sesgo de género en la cobertura deportiva a través de la alfabetización mediática: una revisión teórica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v69.116577Palabras clave:
Sesgo de género, medios deportivos, alfabetización mediática, teoría feministaResumen
Introducción: Los medios deportivos influyen en la percepción pública de los roles de género y refuerzan estereotipos mediante representaciones selectivas de atletas masculinos y femeninos.
Objetivo: Este estudio busca sintetizar enfoques teóricos sobre cómo la alfabetización mediática puede abordar el sesgo de género en el periodismo deportivo.
Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de literatura utilizando cinco bases de datos académicas entre 2019 y 2025. Se aplicó una síntesis temática con base en la Teoría del Encuadre y la Teoría Feminista de los Medios. Se incluyeron estudios revisados por pares, en inglés, centrados en el sesgo de género y la alfabetización mediática en el deporte.
Discusión: Los resultados evidencian una subrepresentación constante de las atletas mujeres. Las estrategias de encuadre y las estructuras mediáticas patriarcales contribuyen a su marginación simbólica. La alfabetización mediática aparece como una herramienta clave para fomentar conciencia crítica y promover representaciones inclusivas.
Conclusión: Abordar el sesgo de género en los medios deportivos requiere alfabetización mediática integrada, reformas institucionales y enfoques feministas. A medida que evolucionan los medios digitales, la alfabetización mediática puede impulsar narrativas equitativas y desafiar la discriminación estructural en la cobertura deportiva.
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