Efectos de ejercicios derivados de los levantamientos olímpicos sobre el rendimiento físico en nadadores preadolescentes: un estudio piloto

Angie Hernández Álzate; Daniel Hurtado Mosquera; Brayan Rivera Jurado; Marvyn Moya Ortega

doi:10.47197/retos.v73.117418

Autores

Angie Hernández Álzate
Daniel Hurtado Mosquera
Brayan Rivera Jurado
Marvyn Moya Ortega Politécnico Jaime Isaza Cadavid

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v73.117418

Palavras-chave:

Treino de força, potência muscular, natação para jovens, desempenho físico

Resumo

Introdução: Os exercícios decorrentes do levantamento olímpico, como o arranque e o ambiente, são propostos como uma estratégia eficaz para melhorar o rendimento físico, favorecendo a transferência para o gesto específico de diversas disciplinas desportivas.

Objectivo: Analisar os efeitos de um programa de doce semanas com exercícios resultantes dos levantamentos olímpicos sobre o rendimento físico em nadadores juvenis de natación com aletas.

Metodologia: Foi plantado um projeto de investigação longitudinal de tipo descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, e media pré-teste e pós-teste. Participaron seis nadadores com aletas (edad: 11,6 ± 0,9 anos; peso: 38,5 ± 6,3 kg; talla: 1,43 ± 0,1 m; IMC: 18,9 ± 1,9 kg/m²), quienes fueron avaliados através de lançamento de balão medicinal, salto vertical (CMJ) e sentadilla trasera. O programa de treino foi estruturado com exercícios de sobrecarga progressiva.

Resultados: Se observarem melhores resultados no lançamento do balão (+15,1%, p=0,002) e na velocidade de execução da sentada traseira (p<0,05). Embora o CMJ tenha apresentado um incremento de 5,9%, este não atingiu significância estatística (p=0,11).

Discussão: A aplicação do treino de força em poblações juvenis continua a ser alvo de debate. Existem múltiplas abordagens e metodologias desde o treino com o próprio peso corporal até à utilização de cargas externas, cada uma com diferentes níveis de evidência Conclusões: Os exercícios baseados na halterofilia constituem uma estratégia eficaz para melhorar a potência de tendência superior e a velocidade de execução em força de tendência inferior em nadadores juvenis, embora seja necessário estudos com prefeito tamanho museu para confirmar os efeitos sobre a potência de salto.

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