El impacto de la infección por COVID-19 en la calidad de vida entre personas que hacen ejercicio y personas que no hacen ejercicio

Autores/as

  • Lalitwadee Phorthanee Department of Sports Science, Faculty of Physical Education, Sports, and Health, Srinakharinwirot University, Ongkharak, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand.
  • Supaporn Silalertdetkul Department of Sports Science, Faculty of Physical Education, Sports, and Health, Srinakharinwirot University, Ongkharak, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-6702

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v81.118471

Palabras clave:

Comportamiento de ejercicio, calidad de vida, COVID-19, personas que hacen ejercicio, personas que no hacen ejercicio

Resumen

Introducción: La calidad de vida de las personas, especialmente en los dominios de salud física, salud psicológica, relaciones sociales y entorno, puede haber estado influida por su comportamiento de ejercicio durante la pandemia de COVID-19.

Objetivo: Investigar el impacto de la infección por COVID-19 (COVID) en la calidad de vida de los individuos, comparando a quienes realizaban ejercicio con quienes no lo hacían.

Metodología: Participaron en el estudio un total de 328 personas de entre 18 y 25 años. Los participantes se categorizaron en cuatro grupos diferenciados: personas con COVID que realizaban ejercicio, personas con COVID que no realizaban ejercicio, personas sin COVID que realizaban ejercicio y personas sin COVID que no realizaban ejercicio. Se les pidió completar cuestionarios autoadministrados para evaluar sus características sociodemográficas generales, su comportamiento respecto al ejercicio y su calidad de vida en los cuatro dominios mencionados, así como su estado de salud general y su calidad de vida global. Las diferencias entre los grupos se analizaron mediante ANOVA de dos vías y pruebas t para muestras independientes, y las relaciones entre las variables se examinaron mediante la correlación de Pearson.

Resultados: Los participantes del grupo sin COVID que realizaban ejercicio informaron puntuaciones significativamente más altas en salud general, así como en los dominios de salud física, salud psicológica, relaciones sociales y calidad de vida ambiental, en comparación con los otros tres grupos. Entre los participantes con COVID que realizaban ejercicio, la salud general se asoció significativamente con el número de dosis de vacuna recibidas. Entre los participantes con COVID que no realizaban ejercicio, se encontró que el dominio de salud física estaba asociado con el número de infecciones por COVID-19 que habían experimentado.

Conclusión: Los participantes del grupo sin COVID que realizaban ejercicio presentaron puntuaciones significativamente mejores de calidad de vida en todos los dominios evaluados. Este hallazgo pone de relieve la importancia de mantener un estilo de vida activo para favorecer una mejor calidad de vida durante la pandemia de COVID-19.

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Publicado

15-05-2026

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

Phorthanee, L., & Silalertdetkul, S. (2026). El impacto de la infección por COVID-19 en la calidad de vida entre personas que hacen ejercicio y personas que no hacen ejercicio. Retos, 81, 89-101. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v81.118471