Efectos del entrenamiento de movimiento basado en historias culturalmente arraigadas en la preparación física en la primera infancia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v78.118825Palabras clave:
Educación Física infantil, habilidades motrices fundamentales, intervención escolar, preparación ante desastresResumen
Introducción: la preparación física en la educación física infantil incluye reacción, eficiencia locomotora y equilibrio para responder a situaciones adaptativas. los enfoques culturalmente integrados pueden fortalecer estas capacidades.
Objetivo: este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la efectividad de un programa de movimiento basado en historias culturalmente integradas para mejorar la capacidad de reacción, la eficiencia en evacuaciones y el equilibrio como componentes de la preparación física ante desastres en niños de educación infantil.
Metodología: se aplicó un diseño cuasi experimental por conglomerados con pretest–postest y grupo de control en 20 jardines de infancia de 2 provincias de indonesia. participaron 88 niños asignados a grupos experimental y de control. la intervención integró gurindam y pantun como señales rítmicas en actividades de respuesta ante desastres durante educación física. se evaluaron el tiempo de reacción, el tiempo de evacuación y los errores de equilibrio antes y después de la intervención.
Resultados: el grupo experimental mostró mejoras significativas en el tiempo de reacción (3.42 ± 0.65 a 2.58 ± 0.54 segundos, p < .001), el tiempo de evacuación (8.76 ± 1.20 a 6.95 ± 1.05 segundos, p < .001) y los errores de equilibrio (3.12 ± 1.04 a 1.54 ± 0.88, p < .001). el grupo de control no presentó cambios significativos (p = .084; p = .072; p = .093). las diferencias postest entre grupos fueron significativas (p < .001).
Conclusiones: el entrenamiento de movimiento culturalmente integrado constituye una estrategia eficaz para fortalecer la preparación física y la preparación temprana ante desastres en la educación infantil.
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