Efeitos do treino de movimento baseado em histórias com raízes culturais na prontidão física da primeira infância
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v78.118825Palavras-chave:
Preparação para resposta a catástrofes, Educação Física na primeira infância, competências motoras fundamentais, intervenção escolarResumo
Introdução: A preparação física na educação física infantil inclui o tempo de reação, a eficiência locomotora e o equilíbrio para responder a situações adaptativas. As abordagens culturalmente integradas podem fortalecer estas competências.
Objectivo: Este estudo teve como objectivo analisar a eficácia de um programa de movimento baseado em histórias culturalmente integradas para melhorar o tempo de reacção, a eficiência de evacuação e o equilíbrio como componentes da preparação para catástrofes na educação pré-escolar.
Metodologia: Um desenho quase-experimental em clusters com pré-teste e pós-teste, para além de um grupo de controlo, foi aplicado em 20 jardins de infância de duas províncias da Indonésia. Participaram 88 crianças, alocadas em grupos experimental e de controlo. A intervenção integrou pistas rítmicas de gurindam e pantun em atividades de resposta a catástrofes durante as aulas de educação física. O tempo de reação, o tempo de evacuação e os erros de equilíbrio foram avaliados antes e depois da intervenção.
Resultados: O grupo experimental apresentou melhorias significativas no tempo de reação (de 3,42 ± 0,65 para 2,58 ± 0,54 segundos, p < 0,001), no tempo de evacuação (de 8,76 ± 1,20 para 6,95 ± 1,05 segundos, p < 0,001) e nos erros de equilíbrio (de 3,12 ± 1,04 para 1,54 ± 0,88, p < 0,001). O grupo controlo não apresentou alterações significativas (p = 0,084; p = 0,072; p = 0,093). As diferenças entre os grupos após o teste foram significativas (p < 0,001).
Conclusões: O treino de movimento culturalmente integrado é uma estratégia eficaz para fortalecer a aptidão física e a preparação precoce para desastres na educação pré-escolar.
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