Actividad física como factor protector contra los trastornos de ansiedad en adolescentes con adicción a las redes sociales: un análisis multivariado en el contexto de la Educación Física
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v80.119254Palabras clave:
Actividad física, trastornos de ansiedad, adicción a las redes sociales, adolescentes, educación física, salud mentalResumen
Introducción: El rápido crecimiento del uso de las redes sociales entre los adolescentes se ha asociado con un aumento en los niveles de trastornos de ansiedad. A pesar de la abundante investigación sobre la adicción digital y la salud mental, se ha prestado una atención limitada al papel de la actividad física, en el contexto de la Educación Física (EF), como factor protector frente a la ansiedad en adolescentes con adicción a las redes sociales.
Objetivo: Este estudio tiene como objetivo examinar la relación entre la adicción a las redes sociales y los trastornos de ansiedad, así como investigar el papel protector de la actividad física en el contexto de la Educación Física.
Metodología: Se empleó un diseño transversal que involucró a 1.500 adolescentes (M_edad = 15,42 ± 1,67 años). Los datos se recopilaron mediante instrumentos validados que midieron la adicción a las redes sociales, los trastornos de ansiedad y los niveles de actividad física. Los análisis estadísticos incluyeron Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC), pruebas de fiabilidad y Modelado de Ecuaciones Estructurales (SEM).
Resultados: La adicción a las redes sociales predijo significativamente los trastornos de ansiedad (β = 0,48; p < ,001). La actividad física mostró una asociación negativa significativa con la ansiedad (β = -0,36; p < ,001) y actuó como variable moderadora, debilitando la relación entre la adicción a las redes sociales y los trastornos de ansiedad (β de interacción = -0,18; p < ,001). El modelo presentó buenos índices de ajuste (CFI = 0,95; TLI = 0,94; RMSEA = 0,052; SRMR = 0,041).
Conclusiones: La actividad física desempeña un papel protector significativo en la reducción de la ansiedad entre adolescentes con adicción a las redes sociales. La integración de actividad física estructurada en los programas de Educación Física puede constituir una estrategia eficaz para promover la salud mental en el entorno escolar.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Raup Padillah, Punaji Setyosari, IM. Hambali, Henny Indreswari, Zetiawan Trisno, Andika Ari Saputra, Moh. Agung Setiabudi
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