La realidad aumentada como herramienta pedagógica previa a la práctica en el aprendizaje de habilidades motrices infantiles: una revisión sistemática teórica para la educación física y la enseñanza de la natación

Autores/as

  • Farizal Imansyah Universitas Negeri Semarang
  • Bambang Budi Raharjo Universitas Negeri Semarang
  • Heny Setyawati Universitas Negeri Semarang
  • Mugiyo Hartono Universitas Negeri Semarang
  • Nasuka Nasuka Universitas Negeri Semarang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v80.119371

Palabras clave:

Realidad aumentada, aprendizaje motor, educación física, enseñanza de la natación , niños, revisión sistemática teórica

Resumen

Antecedentes: La realidad aumentada (RA) se ha utilizado cada vez más en la educación; sin embargo, su papel en el aprendizaje de habilidades motrices infantiles aún requiere mayor fundamentación teórica. En educación física y enseñanza de la natación, los niños deben comprender secuencias de movimiento, orientación corporal, ritmo, respiración y coordinación antes de ejecutar habilidades en contextos reales. Por ello, la RA debe entenderse como una herramienta pedagógica previa a la práctica que favorece la comprensión del movimiento antes de la ejecución física.

Objetivo: Esta revisión sistemática teórica sintetiza la literatura sobre RA en el aprendizaje de habilidades motrices infantiles, educación física y enseñanza de la natación, con el fin de desarrollar un marco conceptual que explique su función en el aprendizaje previo a la práctica. Métodos: Siguiendo PRISMA 2020, se analizaron estudios publicados entre 2014 y 2026 en Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, SPORTDiscus, PubMed y Google Scholar. Se aplicó una síntesis temática para identificar mecanismos pedagógicos asociados al aprendizaje motor.

Resultados: Surgieron cinco temas: representación visomotriz, andamiaje cognitivo, regulación de la carga cognitiva, preparación motivacional y transferencia encarnada desde la visualización digital hacia la ejecución física. Estos temas conforman el Continuo Pedagógico Previo a la Práctica basado en RA.

Conclusiones: La RA debe entenderse como apoyo pedagógico, no como reemplazo de la práctica física ni de la retroalimentación docente. En natación, puede preparar a los niños para componentes técnicos complejos antes de ingresar a la piscina.

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Publicado

01-06-2026

Número

Sección

Revisiones teóricas sistemáticas y/o metaanálisis

Cómo citar

Imansyah, F., Raharjo, B. B., Setyawati, H., Hartono, M., & Nasuka, N. (2026). La realidad aumentada como herramienta pedagógica previa a la práctica en el aprendizaje de habilidades motrices infantiles: una revisión sistemática teórica para la educación física y la enseñanza de la natación. Retos, 80, 954-975. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v80.119371