Relación entre el conocimiento del contenido, el conocimiento pedagógico del contenido y el rendimiento en el lanzamiento entre alumnos de primaria

Autores/as

  • Roohollah Mohammadi Mirzaei Faculty member Department of physical education, farhangian university

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v83.119655

Palabras clave:

Educación física, conocimiento didáctico del contenido, desarrollo motor, lanzamiento sobre el hombro, desarrollo profesional docente

Resumen

Introducción: La efectividad de los docentes de educación física está vinculada fundamentalmente a la profundidad y especialización de su conocimiento del contenido. 

Objetivo: Examinar la influencia del conocimiento del contenido y del desarrollo sobre el CDC ejecutado y el rendimiento del lanzamiento estudiantil. 

Metodología: Dos profesores de educación física de escuelas primarias públicas y 124 niños (Medad = 9.42; ± 0.49 años) Los docentes (correspondientes a tercer y cuarto grado en el sistema educativo iraní) participaron en un diseño cuasiexperimental que combinaba una estructura de caso único con una muestra pequeña a nivel docente con una comparación entre grupos a nivel estudiantil. El estudio abarcó tres fases consecutivas: condición de comparación (instrucción estándar), taller de desarrollo profesional ("paquete de conocimiento" del lanzamiento) y condición experimental. Se midieron cuatro variables del CDC (representación de tareas, demostración, retroalimentación y alineación de modificaciones) y la velocidad de la pelota (vía radar Doppler), analizándose mediante estadística descriptiva y pruebas t-para muestras independientes. 

Resultados: El CDC docente mejoró notablemente tras la intervención (tamaños de efecto de 1.49 a 7.23). Las representaciones y demostraciones correctas aumentaron del 18% al 95%, y la retroalimentación adecuada creció del 12% al 68%. Estas modificaciones pedagógicas se asociaron con mejoras significativas en el rendimiento estudiantil (t(120) = -4.66, p < 0.001, d = 0.84).

Discusión: Los hallazgos concuerdan con la literatura internacional sobre el impacto del conocimiento especializado en la precisión instruccional y la adquisición motriz infantil. 

Conclusiones: La profundización en el conocimiento del contenido y el dominio evolutivo transforma directamente las conductas instructivas, optimizando la adquisición de destrezas motrices fundamentales en contextos centralizados.

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Publicado

30-05-2026

Número

Sección

Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

Mohammadi Mirzaei, R. (2026). Relación entre el conocimiento del contenido, el conocimiento pedagógico del contenido y el rendimiento en el lanzamiento entre alumnos de primaria. Retos, 83, 277-290. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v83.119655