Intervenções focadas no contexto versus terapias motoras tradicionais no desempenho ocupacional de crianças com paralisia cerebral: uma revisão sistemática com meta-análise.

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v76.117605

Palavras-chave:

Atividade, participação, deficiência, infância, reabilitação, Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF)

Resumo

Introdução: A paralisia cerebral (PC) é uma condição neurológica que limita a funcionalidade das crianças, especialmente nas áreas de atividade e participação. As intervenções centradas no contexto surgiram como uma alternativa terapêutica, dando prioridade às modificações ambientais para promover a funcionalidade.

Objectivo: Comparar a eficácia das intervenções centradas no contexto versus as intervenções motoras tradicionais nos desfechos de actividade e participação, de acordo com a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF), em bebés com PC.

Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática com meta-análise de ensaios clínicos controlados publicados entre 2014 e 2024. A pesquisa foi realizada em cinco bases de dados (Ovid, EBSCO, PubMed, Web of Science e Scopus). Foram incluídos estudos que avaliaram o desempenho ocupacional, a mobilidade, o autocuidado e a qualidade de vida. O risco de viés foi avaliado através da ferramenta RoB 2 e a análise seguiu as diretrizes PRISMA.

Resultados: Foram incluídos nove estudos com 369 bebés. A meta-análise revelou um efeito positivo significativo das intervenções centradas no contexto na perceção e na satisfação com o desempenho ocupacional (DMP 1,07 e 0,89, respetivamente), com heterogeneidade moderada. Os efeitos na mobilidade, no autocuidado e na qualidade de vida foram baixos ou não significativos, sendo a certeza da evidência classificada como baixa ou muito baixa de acordo com o GRADE.

Conclusão: As intervenções centradas no contexto demonstram benefícios relevantes no desempenho ocupacional em pessoas com paralisia cerebral, embora os efeitos noutras áreas funcionais sejam incertos. A baixa certeza da evidência realça a necessidade de ensaios clínicos metodologicamente mais rigorosos para confirmar estes resultados e orientar a prática clínica.

Biografias do Autor

  • Lina Giccela Suarez Muñoz, Fundación Universitaria María Cano

    Lina Giccela Suarez Muñoz, Magister en Neurorehabilitación, Profesora de Fisioterapia, Fundación Universitaria María Cano, Medellín, Colombia.

  • Elizabeth Roldán González, Fundación Universitaria María Cano

    Elizabeth Roldán González, Magister en Neurorehabilitación, Profesora de Fisioterapia, Fundación Universitaria María Cano, Popayán, Colombia. 

  • Claudia Fernanda Giraldo Jiménez, Universidad Santiago de Cali

    Claudia Fernanda Giraldo Jiménez, Phd Ciencias aplicadas. Profesor de Fisioterapia, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Colombia. 

  • Eunice Yarce Pinzón, Universidad Mariana

    Eunice Yarce Pinzón, Profesora de terapia ocupacional, Magister en Pedagogía, Universidad Mariana, San Juan de Pasto, Colombia.

  • Nidia Johana Arias Becerra, Universidad CES

    Nidia Johana Arias Becerra, PhD ciencias biomédicas, Profesora de Fisioterapia, Universidad CES, Medellín Colombia. 

  • Karina González Zúñiga, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro

    Karina González Zúñiga. Magíster Educación Especial. Profesora de Fisioterapia Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, México

  • Silvia Patricia Betancur Bedoya, Fundación Universitaria María Cano

    Silvia Patricia Betancur Bedoya. Magister en actividad física y salud. Profesora de Fisioterapia, Fundación Universitaria María Cano, Medellín, Colombia.

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22-12-2025

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Revisões teóricas sistemáticas e/ou metanálises

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Suarez Muñoz, L. G., Roldán González, E., Giraldo Jiménez, C. F., Yarce Pinzón, E., Arias Becerra, N. J., González Zúñiga, K., & Betancur Bedoya, S. P. (2025). Intervenções focadas no contexto versus terapias motoras tradicionais no desempenho ocupacional de crianças com paralisia cerebral: uma revisão sistemática com meta-análise. Retos, 76, 52-67. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v76.117605