Impact of a biopsychosocial intervention program on the physical health of the Colombian adult population
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v76.117959Keywords:
biopsychosocial intervention, body composition, social program, urban adultsAbstract
Introduction. Physical inactivity constitutes a priority public health challenge in the department of La Guajira, intensified by sociocultural and territorial factors that restrict access to healthy environments. Within this framework, a multicomponent physical activity program is implemented for urban adults between 27 and 59 years of age. This program offers a biopsychosocial approach addressing biological and psychosocial dimensions and the promotion of physical fitness.
Objective. The purpose of the proposal is to analyze the impact of the “Actívate Guajira” program on body composition and physical fitness of the participants.
Methods. A quasi-experimental repeated-measures pre-test-posttest design was used in a sample of 373 adults from three different regions of the department of La Guajira. Participants were evaluated using the AFISAL-INEFC battery, tested and validated for a local population (Cronbach’s α > 0.80). For data analysis, paired-sample t tests were used (p < 0.05).
Results. The results revealed in women significant reductions in weight (p = 0.002), body mass index (p = 0.0008), waist-hip ratio (p = 0.001), and body fat percentage (p = 0.011), along with improvements in strength, coordination, abdominal endurance, flexibility, and VO2max. In men, significant improvements were observed in waist-hip ratio and flexibility.
Conclusions. These results provided relevant empirical evidence and were consistent with previous research supporting the effectiveness of supervised community-based interventions. It was concluded that “Actívate Guajira” constitutes an effective, sustainable, and culturally appropriate strategy to optimize physical health in adult populations from vulnerable contexts.
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