National survey of fitness trends in Spain for 2026

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v76.117986

Keywords:

ACSM survey, fitness industry, fitness trends, Spanish fitness survey

Abstract

Introduction: This tenth edition of the National Survey of Fitness Trends in Spain aims to analyze the current state of the sector and its alignment with the international context.

Objective: To identify the 20 trends that fitness professionals consider most likely for the year 2026 and to compare them with the global trends reported by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) for 2025.

Methodology: The methodology of the ACSM international study was replicated, including a total of 56 possible trends. The survey was distributed via email to 6,980 fitness professionals and disseminated through social media and institutional newsletters. The response rate was 4.52%, with 318 participants (27.2% women).

Results: The five highest-ranked trends for 2026 were, in descending order: functional fitness training, small group training, personal training, fitness programs for older adults, and high-intensity functional training (HIFT). In total, 14 of the 20 trends coincided with those from 2025, with seven remaining in the top 10, though in a different order.

Discussion: Training modalities continued to be predominant (6 out of 20), highlighting the growing popularity of functional fitness training. In addition, three trends related to exercise prescription for clinical populations entered the national top 20 for the first time. Compared with the international survey, 11 coinciding trends were observed, although in different positions, indicating a lower national valuation of digital technology.

Conclusions: These findings reflect a dynamic, innovative, and constantly evolving sector that opens new opportunities for professional development.

References

Aguiar, M., Trujillo, M., Chaves, D., Álvarez, R., & Epelde, G. (2022). mHealth apps using behavior change techniques to self-report data: Systematic review. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 10(9), e33247. https://doi.org/10.2196/33247

Álvarez-Pitti, J., Casajús Mallén, J. A., Leis Trabazo, R., Lucía, A., López de Lara, D., Moreno Aznar, L. A., & Rodríguez Martínez, G. (2020). Ejercicio físico como «medicina» en enfermedades crónicas du-rante la infancia y la adolescencia. Anales de Pediatría, 92(3), 173.e1–173.e8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.01.010

A'Naja, M. N., Reed, R., Sansone, J., Batrakoulis, A., McAvoy, C., & Parrott, M. W. (2024a). 2024 ACSM worldwide fitness trends: Future directions of the health and fitness industry. ACSM's Health & Fitness Journal, 28(1), 14-26. https://doi.org/10.1249/FIT.0000000000000933

A'Naja, M. N., Batrakoulis, A., Camhi, S. M., McAvoy, C., Sansone, J. S., & Reed, R. (2024b). 2025 ACSM worldwide fitness trends: Future directions of the health and fitness industry. ACSM's Health & Fitness Journal, 28(6), 11-25. https://doi.org/10.1249/FIT.0000000000001017

Batrakoulis, A., Keskin, K., Fatolahi, S., Çelik, O., Al-Mhanna, S., & Dinizadeh, F. (2024). Health and fitness trends in the post-COVID-19 era in Turkey: A cross-sectional study. Annals of Applied Sport Sci-ence, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.61186/aassjournal.1271

Batrakoulis, A., Veiga, O. L., Franco, S., Thomas, E., Alexopoulos, A., Valcarce-Torrente, M., ... & Bianco, A. (2023). Health and fitness trends in Southern Europe for 2023: A cross-sectional survey. AIMS Public Health, 10(2), 378-408. https://doi.org/10.3934/publichealth.2023028

Bustos-Viviescas, B. J., Duran-Luna, L. A., Merchan Osorio, R. D., Ortega Parra, A. J., Acevedo-Mindiola, A. A., & Garcia Yerena, C. E. (2021). Entrenamiento funcional de alta intensidad: Asociación de la grasa corporal con el fitness cardiorrespiratorio. Revista Cubana de Medicina Militar, 50(2), e0210910. Recuperado a partir de https://revmedmilitar.sld.cu/index.php/mil/article/view/910

Chávez, L. F. J. G., López-Haro, J., Almanzar, P. C., Pelayo-Zavalza, A. R., & Aguirre-Rodríguez, L. E. (2025). Encuesta nacional de tendencias fitness para México en 2025: Actualidad y direcciones futuras en acondicionamiento físico y salud. Retos, 63, 949-964. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v63.109837

Colleluori, G., & Villareal, D. T. (2021). Aging, obesity, sarcopenia, and the effect of diet and exercise in-tervention. Experimental Gerontology, 155, 111561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2021.111561

da Silva, M. R., de Oliveira, R. R., Lemos, J. C., Pereira, P. A., & Antunes, H. K. M. (2024). Effects of re-sistance training on quality of life, fatigue, physical function, and muscular strength in adults undergoing chemotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Supportive Care in Cancer, 32(5), 2331–2347. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-024-08766-y

de la Cámara, M. Á., Valcarce-Torrente, M., & Veiga, O. L. (2020). Encuesta nacional de tendencias de fitness en España para el año 2020 (National Survey of Fitness Trends in Spain for 2020). Retos, 37, 434-441. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v37i37.74179

Díaz de Rada, V. (2022). Strategies to improve response rates to online surveys. Papers, 107(4), e3073. https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/papers.3073

Erices-Olivo, J., Catalán-Catalán, C., Russell-Guzmán, J., Uribe-Uribe, N., & Mujica-Johnson, F. (2023). Effects of functional training, compared to traditional strength training, on physical fitness in older adults: A systematic review. MHSalud: Revista En Ciencias Del Movimiento Humano Y Sa-lud, 20(2). https://doi.org/10.15359/mhs.20-2.10

Fairman, C. M., Nilsen, T. S., Newton, R. U., & Courneya, K. S. (2023). Resistance training for cancer sur-vivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Medicine & Sci-ence in Sports & Exercise, 55(2), 312–326. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096537

Ferguson, T., Olds, T., Curtis, R., Blake, H., Crozier, A. J., Dankiw, K., Dumuid, D., Kasai, D., O'Connor, E., Virgara, R., & Maher, C. (2022). Effectiveness of wearable activity trackers to increase physical activity and improve health: A systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The Lancet. Digital health, 4(8), e615–e626. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(22)00111-X

Franco, S., Simões, V., Santos-Rocha, R., Vieira, I., Ramalho, F., & Ramos, L. (2024). Tendencias de Fitness en Portugal para 2024 (Fitness Trends in Portugal for 2024). Retos, 57, 88-100. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.105198

Gambau i Pinasa, V. (2019). Las actividades profesionales con exigencia de titulación universitaria en ciencias de la actividad física y del deporte. Revista Española de Educación Física y Deportes, (425), 37–49. https://doi.org/10.55166/reefd.vi425.740

Guapi-Morocho, D. F., Castro-Cevallos, R. M., Anchapaxi-Socasi, B. J., & Pilamunga, N. V. C. (2023). Bene-ficios del entrenamiento funcional de alta intensidad (HIFT) en el deporte y la salud: Una revi-sión sistemática. Revista InveCom/ISSN en línea: 2739-0063, 3(2), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8146795

Hernández-Hernández, L., Obeso-Benítez, P., Serrada-Tejeda, S., Sánchez-Herrera-Baeza, P., Rodríguez-Pérez, M. P., Pérez-de-Heredia-Torres, M., ... & Martín-Hernández, J. (2025). Use of wearables to measure the effects of long COVID on activities of daily living and their relationship to per-ceived exertion, occupational performance, and quality of life. Frontiers in Public Health, 13, 1519204. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1519204

Izquierdo, M., Merchant, R. A., Morley, J. E., Anker, S. D., Aprahamian, I., Arai, H., Aubertin-Leheudre, M., Bernabei, R., Cadore, E. L., Cesari, M., Chen, L. K., de Souto Barreto, P., Duque, G., Ferrucci, L., Fielding, R. A., García-Hermoso, A., Gutiérrez-Robledo, L. M., Harridge, S. D. R., Kirk, B., Kritchev-sky, S., … Fiatarone Singh, M. (2021). International Exercise Recommendations in Older Adults (ICFSR): Expert Consensus Guidelines. The journal of nutrition, health & aging, 25(7), 824–853. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-021-1665-8

Jiménez-Peláez, C. C., Fernández-Aparicio, Á.; Montero-Alonso, M.A.; González-Jiménez, E (2025). Ef-fect of dietary and physical activity interventions on the incidence of metabolic syndrome pa-rameters in adolescents with obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients, 17(13), 2051. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17132051

Kercher, V. M. M., Kercher, K., Levy, P., Bennion, T., Alexander, C., Amaral, P. C., ... & Romero-Caballero, A. (2023). 2023 fitness trends from around the globe. ACSM's Health & Fitness Journal, 27(1), 19-30. https://doi.org/10.1249/FIT.0000000000000836

Palos, J. J., Valcarce-Torrente, M., Amaral, P. C., Franco, S., Santos-Rocha, R., Ramalho, F., ... & Veiga, O. L. (2025). Tendencias iberoamericanas del fitness para 2025: un estudio comparativo region-al. Retos, 71, 1095-1114. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v71.116451

Peters, M., Butson, G., Mizrahi, D., Denehy, L., Lynch, B. M., Swain, C. T. V., … & Denehy, L. (2024). Physi-cal activity and pain in people with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Supportive Care in Cancer, 32(3), 145. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-024-08343-3

Pleticosic-Ramírez, Y., Mecías-Calvo, M., Arufe-Giráldez, V., & Navarro-Patón, R. (2024). Incidence of a multicomponent physical exercise program on body composition in overweight or obese peo-ple aged 60 years or older from Chile. Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology, 9(2), 81. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9020081

Prado, C. M., Batsis, J. A., Donini, L. M., Gonzalez, M. C., & Siervo, M. (2024). Sarcopenic obesity in older adults: A clinical overview. Nature reviews. Endocrinology, 20(5), 261–277. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-023-00943-z

Prieto-González, P. & Sedlacek, J. (2021). Comparison of the efficacy of three types of strength training: Bodyweight training machines and free weights. Apunts Educación Física y Deportes, 145, 9-16. https://doi.org/10.5672/apunts.2014-0983.es.(2021/3).145.02

Ramírez, F. G., Pinochet, F., Strale, C. M., Bastías, D. D., Sepúlveda, R. Y., & Torrente, M. V. (2024). Encues-ta nacional de tendencias en salud y fitness Chile 2024. Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación, (58), 903-912. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.105550

Reyes, V. G. (2024). Panorama de las tendencias fitness en Colombia para el 2025. Mentor: Revista de Investigación Educativa y Deportiva, 3(9), 1001-1020. https://doi.org/10.56200/mried.v3i9.8405

Rivera-Escobar, M. F. (2024). Impact of wearable technology on the prevention of musculoskeletal injuries. Revista Arbitrada de Ciencias de la Salud , 3(2), 20-26. https://doi.org/10.62574/9r6xq898

Rojas Avendaño, F. A., Sepúlveda Arenas, N., González Victoria, A. F., & Carvajal Tello, N. (2021). Pres-cripción del ejercicio en el paciente oncológico. Revisión sistemática. Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.), 218-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ft.2020.11.002

Smith, N., Johnson, K., & Brown, L. (2023). Effects of exercise programs on body composition, physical fitness and quality of life in older adults with overweight or obesity: A systematic review. Obe-sity Reviews, 24(4), e13570. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13570

Tarumi, T., Patel, N. R., Tomoto, T., Pasha, E., Khan, A. M., Kostroske, K., Riley, J., Tinajero, C. D., Wang, C., Hynan, L. S., Rodrigue, K. M., Kennedy, K. M., Park, D. C., & Zhang, R. (2022). Aerobic exercise training and neurocognitive function in cognitively normal older adults: A one-year random-ized controlled trial. Journal of Internal Medicine, 292(5), 788–803. https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.13534

Taylor, J. L., Holland, D. J., & Smart, N. A. (2023). High-intensity interval training in cardiac rehabilita-tion: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention, 43(2), 123–132. https://doi.org/10.1097/HCR.0000000000000701

Thompson, W. R. (2006). Worldwide survey reveals fitness trends for 2007. ACSM's Health & Fitness Journal, 10(6), 8-14. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.FIT.0000252519.52241.39

Thompson, W. R. (2023). Worldwide survey of fitness trends for 2023. ACSM's Health & Fitness Jour-nal, 27(1), 9-18. https://doi.org/10.1249/FIT.0000000000000834

Veiga, O. L., Palos, J. J., & Valcarce-Torrente, M. (2024). Encuesta nacional de tendencias de fitness en España para 2024 . Retos, 51, 1351–1363. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.101717

Veiga, O. L., Palos, J. J., & Valcarce-Torrente. M. (2025). Encuesta nacional de tendencias de fitness en España para 2025. Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación, (62), 691-704. . https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v62.109772

Veiga, O. L., Valcarce-Torrente, M., & King Clavero, A. (2017). National survey of fitness trends in Spain for 2017. Apunts Educacio Fisica I Esports, 128(2), 108-25. https://doi.org/10.5672/apunts.2014-0983.es.(2017/2).128.07

Vera-García, F.J., Barbado, D., Moreno-Pérez, V., Hernández-Sánchez, S., Juan-Recio, C., & Elvira, J.L.L. (2015). Core stability: Concepto y aportaciones al entrenamiento y la prevención de lesio-nes. Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte, 8(2), 79-85. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ramd.2014.02.004

Vila-Lorenzo, L., & Guzmán Luján, J. F. (2024). Reasons for practice, hiring and perception of personal training service in premium clients. Retos, 51, 149-158. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.99572

Warburton, D. E. R., & Bredin, S. S. D. (2017). Health benefits of physical activity: a systematic review of current systematic reviews. Current opinion in cardiology, 32(5), 541–556. https://doi.org/10.1097/HCO.0000000000000437

Wayment, H. A., & McDonald, R. L. (2017). Sharing a Personal Trainer: Personal and Social Benefits of Individualized, Small-Group Training. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 31(11), 3137–3145. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001764

Downloads

Published

02-03-2026

Issue

Section

Original Research Article

How to Cite

L. Veiga, Óscar, Palos, J. J., & Valcarce-Torrente, M. (2026). National survey of fitness trends in Spain for 2026. Retos, 76, 371-390. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v76.117986