Evaluation of an artificial intelligence-based technical correction program for reducing common butterfly stroke errors among swimming course students at Jadara University

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v77.118688

Keywords:

Artificial Intelligence, Butterfly Swimming, Technical Correction Program, Motion Analysis, Jadara University, swimming performance

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an artificial intelligence–based technical correction program in reducing common butterfly swimming errors among students enrolled in swimming courses at Jadara University.

Method: The study adopted the experimental approach using a one-group pre-test/post-test design. The sample consisted of 50 undergraduate students (25 males and 25 females) enrolled in swimming courses at Jadara University. The AI-based program provided real-time technical feedback and motion analysis focusing on correcting common butterfly swimming errors, particularly arm stroke timing, dolphin kick efficiency, body position, breathing control, and overall movement coordination. Data were collected through technical performance assessment scales applied before and after the implementation of the program.

Result: The results showed statistically significant improvements (α ≤ 0.05) between the pre-test and post-test measurements in all technical performance variables for both male and female students, in favor of the post-test. Male students demonstrated the greatest improvement in arm–leg coordination and propulsive force of the arm stroke, while female students showed notable improvement in breathing control, body stability, and movement rhythm. Comparisons between males and females revealed no statistically significant differences in most technical variables, except for arm propulsive force, which favored males due to physiological differences.

Conclusion: The findings indicate that AI-based technical correction programs are effective in enhancing technical performance and reducing common butterfly swimming errors among university students, regardless of gender.

Author Biographies

  • Hussam Albdaiwi, Jadara University

    Assistant Professor, Faculty of Physical Education - Department of Physical Education, University of Jadara, Jordan

  • Laith Al-Sababha, Petra University

    Aassistant Professor, Physical Education, Patra University, Jordan

  • Dima Salah, Jadara University

    PhD of physical education, Full-time lecturer, Faculty of physical Educational, Family Guidance and sport Department, Jadara University, Jordan

  • Suha Alhassan, Jadara University

    Full-time lecturer, Faculty of physical Educational, Family Guidance and sport Department, Jadara University, Jordan

  • Haneen Abo Harb, Jadara University

    Full-time lecturer, Faculty of physical Educational, Family Guidance and sport Department, Jadara University, Jordan

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Published

01-04-2026

Issue

Vol. 77 (2026)

Section

Original Research Article

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Copyright (c) 2026 Aysheh Ababaneh, Hussam Albdaiwi, Laith Al-Sababha, Dima Salah, Suha Alhassan, Haneen Abo Harb

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How to Cite

Ababaneh, A., Albdaiwi, H., Al-Sababha, L., Salah, D., Alhassan, S., & Abo Harb, H. (2026). Evaluation of an artificial intelligence-based technical correction program for reducing common butterfly stroke errors among swimming course students at Jadara University. Retos, 77, 785-793. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v77.118688