Dor muscular de início tardio induzida por contração excêntrica afeta negativamente a atividade autonômica cardíaca em atletas adolescentes: um estudo pré-experimental
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.106722Palavras-chave:
Esportes, Dor aguda, Sistema nervoso autônomo, Hiperalgesia mecânica, Lesões muscularesResumo
Objetivo: Investigar o impacto da dor muscular de início tardio induzida por exercício excêntrico (DMIT) na atividade autonômica cardíaca em atletas adolescentes. Métodos: Um desenho pré-experimental de grupo único com pré-teste e pós-teste foi realizado em quinze atletas adolescentes competitivos, e o efeito da DMIT na atividade autonômica cardíaca foi avaliado, controlando a composição corporal e fatores de ansiedade estado/traço. . Um protocolo de exercícios excêntricos foi aplicado aos músculos flexores do cotovelo para induzir DMIT. A variabilidade da frequência cardíaca foi então comparada antes e dois dias após a indução da DMIT, tanto em repouso quanto durante movimentos resistidos do membro doloroso, utilizando o teste t para amostras pareadas. Adicionalmente, foram mensuradas a composição corporal e o Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado (IDATE). Resultados: A análise revelou um efeito significativo da DMIT na resposta autonômica cardíaca no domínio do tempo da raiz quadrada das diferenças sucessivas (RMSSD) (MD = -5,58, IC 95%[-9,36, -1,8], t( 14) = -3,2, p = 0,007) e desvio padrão dos intervalos normal a normal (SDNN) (MD = -9,43, IC 95%[-15,47, -3,39], t(13) = -3,4, p = 0,005), bem como no índices autonômicos do sistema nervoso simpático (SNS) (MD = 0,68, IC 95%[0,07, 1,29], t(14) = 2,4, p = 0,031) e Índice de Estresse (SI) (MD = 2,72, IC 95% [0,67, 4,77], t(14) = 2,8, p = 0,013) em condições de exercício. Conclusões: A DMIT modifica a atividade autonômica cardíaca em comparação com condições de controle durante a dor evocada mecanicamente, mas não em repouso. Este estudo destaca a importância de considerar a presença de DMIT ao usar a VFC em atletas adolescentes para fins de treinamento, clínicos ou de pesquisa.
Palavras-chave: Esportes, Dor aguda, Sistema nervoso autônomo, Hiperalgesia mecânica, Dano muscular
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