Será o treino intervalado de alta intensidade (HIIT) um método viável para melhorar os parâmetros antropomórficos e cardiometabólicos em crianças em idade pré-escolar?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v61.107878Palavras-chave:
Preschool children, HIIT, Cardiometabolic Risk, ObesityResumo
Enquadramento: O treino intervalado de alta intensidade (HIIT) demonstrou ser um método eficaz para melhorar a aptidão física e reduzir o risco de obesidade em adultos. No entanto, estes efeitos não foram estudados na população pré-escolar. Objectivo: O objectivo deste estudo foi determinar os efeitos de um programa de treino intervalado de alta intensidade e longo prazo nas variáveis antropomométricas e cardiometabólicas em crianças pré-escolares com excesso de peso e obesidade. Métodos: Participaram no estudo 349 (164 rapazes e 185 raparigas) crianças em idade pré-escolar (idade: 4,38 0,62 anos). Todos os participantes completaram uma intervenção baseada no HIIT de 28 semanas (2 sessões/semana), realizada durante as aulas de educação física nas suas escolas. Foram medidas variáveis antropométricas (índice de massa corporal, perímetro da cintura, gordura corporal, ∑4 pregas cutâneas), variáveis cardiometabólicas (pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca de repouso, aptidão cardiorrespiratória) e risco cardiometabólico. Resultados: Após o programa de intervenção, foram encontradas diferenças significativas nas ∑4 pregas cutâneas, gordura corporal, pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca de repouso e aptidão cardiorrespiratória. Conclusão: O programa de treino HIIT de 28 semanas pode reduzir o risco cardiometabólico e melhorar a aptidão cardiorrespiratória em crianças pré-escolares com excesso de peso e obesidade, independentemente do sexo.
Palavras-chave: Crianças em idade pré-escolar; HIIT; Risco Cardiometabólico; Obesidade
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