Avaliação do desempenho físico, técnico e tático de jovens futebolistas em jogos reduzidos: uma revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v66.110366Palavras-chave:
Jogos reduzidos, futebol ou futebol, desempenho, física, táticas, técnico, jovemResumo
Introdução: Os jogos pequenos são considerados uma importante forma de melhorar o desempenho dos jogadores de futebol.
Objectivo: Esta revisão sistemática teve como objectivo sintetizar a informação disponível sobre as metodologias, variáveis e procedimentos utilizados para avaliar o desempenho físico, táctico e técnico dos jogadores de futebol juvenil através de pequenos jogos.
Metodologia: Foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográficas em três bases de dados: EBSCOhost, PubMed e Web of Science. Foram utilizados os seguintes descritores: (“soccer OR football”) AND (“technical/tactical/physical performance”) AND (“small-sided games”), focados em artigos originais em inglês que analisaram jovens jogadores de futebol. A pesquisa inicial produziu 105 resultados e, após seleção, foram incluídos 45 artigos na amostra final.
Resultados: Estes artigos adotaram um desenho transversal, utilizando diversos procedimentos que visam detetar o efeito de múltiplas limitações no desempenho físico, tático e técnico dos jogadores.
Discussão: Os resultados sugeriram que os pequenos jogos representam uma ferramenta metodológica eficaz para melhorar o desempenho dos jovens jogadores de futebol. Os investigadores investigavam frequentemente variações no número de jogadores, tamanho e configuração do campo. As ações técnicas (passes, remates e receções de bola), os princípios táticos ofensivos e defensivos, bem como as variáveis físicas (distância total percorrida e distância percorrida a diferentes velocidades) foram frequentemente analisadas.
Conclusões: Esta revisão apresenta uma descrição completa dos procedimentos, variáveis e limitações habitualmente utilizadas na recolha e análise de dados técnicos, táticos e físicos em jogos reduzidos envolvendo jovens jogadores.
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