Validação de uma escala para a promoção de estilos de vida saudáveis e sustentáveis nas universidades. Estudo piloto
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v79.113668Palavras-chave:
Escala, saúde, sustentabilidade, universidadeResumo
Introdução: As universidades, enquanto instituições de ensino superior, têm a oportunidade de desempenhar um papel significativo na transformação social orientada para a consolidação de estilos de vida saudáveis e para a promoção da sustentabilidade, para além das suas funções pedagógicas e de investigação.
Objectivo: Desenvolver e validar um instrumento que avalie as acções ou estratégias implementadas pelas universidades na promoção e consolidação de estilos de vida activos, saudáveis e sustentáveis.
Metodologia: Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa para desenvolver os itens que compõem a escala. Participaram oito especialistas, resultando na elaboração de 13 itens. Após um estudo piloto, foi realizado trabalho de campo. Foram conduzidas diversas análises para verificar a normalidade dos itens. Posteriormente, foi realizada uma análise fatorial exploratória. De seguida, foram calculados a validade, a fiabilidade e o viés comum. Por fim, foi realizada uma análise fatorial confirmatória.
Resultados: Após a análise descritiva, dois itens foram descartados da lista inicial. Foi conduzida uma análise exploratória, revelando dois fatores distintos que explicaram 63,66% da variância. Os testes de validade e fiabilidade apresentaram resultados satisfatórios, assim como a análise fatorial exploratória.
Conclusões: Este estudo fornece uma ferramenta para avaliar as estratégias universitárias de promoção e consolidação de estilos de vida ativos, saudáveis e sustentáveis. Compreende duas dimensões: promoção de estilos de vida saudáveis e sustentáveis; e serviços de atividade física.
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2026 Antonio Fernández-Martínez, África Calvo Lluch, Marcos López-Flores, Guillermo Morán-Gámez, Alberto Nuviala
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