Efeitos comparativos do treino de força unilateral e bilateral dos membros inferiores no desempenho da estrela em atletas de ginástica artística

Autores

  • Muhammad Firdaus Kafrawi Master Program of Sports Science, Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Irmantara Subagio Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Noortje Anita Kumaat Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Achmad Widodo Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Cemal Özman Bartin University
  • Afif Rusdiawan Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Fatkur Rohman Kafrawi Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Soni Sulistyarto Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v69.116192

Palavras-chave:

Treino bilateral, treino unilateral, ginástica artística, apresentação de estrela, acidente vascular cerebral, equilíbrio

Resumo

Introdução: Os exercícios de fortalecimento muscular na ginástica são importantes para auxiliar os movimentos de cambalhota, pois aumentam a potência e o equilíbrio.
Objectivo: Examinar os efeitos de 8 semanas de treino de força unilateral versus bilateral dos membros inferiores na força máxima, no equilíbrio dinâmico e no desempenho na estrela em jovens ginastas. Metodologia: Quarenta e duas ginastas (n = 14 cada) foram aleatoriamente atribuídas aos grupos de treino unilateral (UTG), treino bilateral (BTG) ou controlo (GC). Utilizando exercícios de membros inferiores com uma perna (unilateral) ou ambas as pernas (bilateral), os grupos UTG e BTG treinaram três vezes por semana durante oito semanas, enquanto o GC continuou com a sua rotina. Os resultados incluíram agachamento e peso morto de 1RM, equilíbrio dinâmico (Teste de Equilíbrio Y, YBT) e habilidade na estrela (Ferramenta de Avaliação do Desempenho da Estrela, CPAT). Resultados: As interações grupo × tempo foram significativas para todos os desfechos (p < 0,001). O CPAT aumentou 2,2 pontos em comparação com o grupo de controlo (p < 0,001, d = 1,32) e 1,6 pontos em comparação com o grupo de controlo (p = 0,002, d = 0,94), indicando maiores ganhos de habilidade no grupo de controlo. Comparativamente ao grupo controlo (5,9%, p = 0,004, d = 1,02), o equilíbrio dinâmico melhorou mais no grupo controlo (9,4%, p < 0,001, d = 1,68). O treino bilateral produziu maiores ganhos de força: 1RM no peso morto e no agachamento aumentou 6,6 kg (p = 0,02) e 7,7 kg (p = 0,01) em comparação com o grupo de controlo. Discussão: Enquanto o treino bilateral maximizou a força absoluta, o treino unilateral melhorou a habilidade e o equilíbrio, refletindo de forma mais eficaz as exigências das habilidades ginásticas.
Conclusões: Enquanto os exercícios bilaterais desenvolvem a força fundamental, os exercícios unilaterais dos membros inferiores podem melhorar mais eficazmente a execução de habilidades e a estabilidade em jovens ginastas.

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Publicado

20-06-2025

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Artigos de caráter científico: trabalhos de pesquisas básicas e/ou aplicadas.

Como Citar

Kafrawi, M. F., Subagio, I., Kumaat, N. A., Widodo, A., Özman, C., Rusdiawan, A., Kafrawi, F. R., & Sulistyarto, S. (2025). Efeitos comparativos do treino de força unilateral e bilateral dos membros inferiores no desempenho da estrela em atletas de ginástica artística. Retos, 69, 654-665. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v69.116192