Dieta, trastornos de conduta alimentar e perfeccionismo nos desportos de combate com categorias de peso: um estúdio piloto

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v75.117813

Palavras-chave:

Desportos de combate, dietas, distúrbios alimentares, perfeccionismo, perda de peso rápida

Resumo

Introdução: A gestão do peso através de dietas e perda rápida de peso (RWL) é fundamental nos desportos de combate com categorias de peso, mas pode aumentar o risco de condutas alimentares desordenadas (DE). O perfecionismo, frequente entre atletas, pode ter efeitos tanto adaptativos como desadaptativos e contribuir para a DE.

Objectivo: Examinar a relação entre a DE, o perfeccionismo e as práticas de gestão de peso em atletas de desportos de combate de golpe e agarre.

Metodologia: Quatro e seis atletas ativos de kickboxing (n = 31; 42% mulheres) e jiu-jitsu brasileiro (BJJ; n = 15; 27% mulheres) preencheram o Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q 6.0) e a Sport Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale-2 (Sport-MPS-2).

Resultados: Os kickboxers referiram competir 4,8 ± 5,5 kg abaixo do seu peso habitual, enquanto os atletas de Jiu-Jitsu competiam praticamente com o mesmo peso. Não se observam diferenças entre grupos nas pontuações do EDE-Q ou do Sport-MPS-2. Em pouco tempo, os atletas apresentaram poucos sintomas de DE, embora 15% tenham ultrapassado o ponto de corte (2,3) do EDE-Q global. Tanto o perfecionismo adaptativo como o desadaptativo se associaram a subescalas distintas do EDE-Q, e o perfecionismo adaptativo também se relacionou com a experiência de treino e o nível competitivo.

Discussão: Estes hallazgos sugerem que os atletas de desportos de combate são influenciados por fatores sociais e psicológicos na sua aproximação à gestão do peso, online com investigações anteriores que mostram efeitos mistos do perfecionismo e do papel dos treinadores e dos companheiros.

Conclusões: Apesar dos baixos níveis gerais de DE, os atletas recorrem frequentemente a dietas e RWL, o que justifica a necessidade de intervenções educativas dirigidas tanto a treinadores como a deportistas para promover práticas de gestão do peso mais seguras.

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02-02-2026

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Artigos de caráter científico: trabalhos de pesquisas básicas e/ou aplicadas.

Como Citar

Sørheim, A. K., Sandgren, S. S., & Øvretveit, K. (2026). Dieta, trastornos de conduta alimentar e perfeccionismo nos desportos de combate com categorias de peso: um estúdio piloto. Retos, 75, 773-781. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v75.117813