Sintomas psicológicos em jovens universitários: análise da atividade física e da composição corporal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v83.119232Palavras-chave:
Impedância bioelétrica, percentagem de gordura corporal, depressão, ansiedade, stress, exercício físicoResumo
Introdução: A atividade física é reconhecida como um fator protetor da saúde mental; no entanto, as evidências sobre a sua relação com a composição corporal e os sintomas psicológicos são inconsistentes.
Objectivo: Analisar a relação entre os sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e stress com os níveis de actividade física e a composição corporal (Índice de Massa Corporal e percentagem de gordura corporal) em estudantes universitários.
Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo transversal quantitativo com 115 estudantes universitários (M = 20,4 anos; DP = 3,5) de uma universidade privada da Colômbia. Os sintomas psicológicos foram avaliados através do DASS-21, a atividade física com o IPAQ-SF e a composição corporal através do Índice de Massa Corporal e da análise de impedância bioelétrica. Foram aplicadas ANOVA e correlações de Pearson.
Resultados: Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas nos níveis de depressão, ansiedade e stress de acordo com os níveis de atividade física ou percentagem de gordura corporal. No entanto, os alunos com excesso de peso/obesidade apresentaram menos ansiedade do que os que tinham peso normal. Descritivamente, os participantes com baixo peso e percentagem de gordura corporal "baixa" relataram mais sintomas do que aqueles com peso normal e com excesso de peso/obesidade.
Discussão: A ausência de associações significativas pode ser explicada pela homogeneidade da amostra e pela ausência de variáveis mediadoras, sugerindo um efeito indireto da atividade física na saúde mental. Os níveis mais baixos de ansiedade nos indivíduos com excesso de peso/obesos corroboram parcialmente a hipótese do "gordinho alegre".
Conclusões: Os sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e stress não variaram de acordo com a intensidade da atividade física. Os alunos com excesso de peso/obesos relataram menos ansiedade do que aqueles com peso normal.
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2026 Laura Herrera-Agudelo, Valentina González-Garzón, Juan Bernardo Zuluaga-Valencia, María Claudia Martínez-Arboleda, Laura Barrios-Barinas, Camila Tristancho-Celis, César Núñez, Jonathan Ñañez, Haney Aguirre-Loaiza
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