Enhancing refereeing skills: exploring the influence of an Android table tennis app on student referees
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v66.112160Keywords:
table tennis refereeing, android table tennis app, mobile educational applications, referee competency development, table tennis rulesAbstract
Objective: The role of referees in table tennis is crucial for ensuring fair play and proper game management. Traditional training methods for referees face challenges in keeping up with the increasing pace and complexity of modern table tennis matches.
Objective to evaluate the impact of the Android Table Tennis Application (ATTA) on enhancing referee competence.
Methodology: The study employed a quasi-experimental design with 30 student participants divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group used ATTA for training while the control group received traditional instruction. Both groups were assessed through pre-tests and post-tests to measure their understanding of officiating principles and practical refereeing skills.
Results: The experimental group showed significant improvement, with mean learning outcomes increasing from 73.9 to 90.0 (16-point increase). The control group's scores improved from 74.0 to 83.0 (9-point increase). Statistical analysis using paired sample t-tests showed a p-value <0.001, indicating significant differences between pre- and post-test results.
Discussion: The ATTA facilitates a deeper understanding of table tennis principles and standards while enhancing adjudicative skills in a simulated environment.
Conclusions: The Android Table Tennis Application proved to be an effective tool for enhancing referee training outcomes. The interactive and comprehensive nature of ATTA, combined with its accessibility and convenience, resulted in better learning outcomes compared to traditional teaching methods. The findings suggest that educational institutions should consider implementing ATTA to improve table tennis officiating education.
References
Amaniampong, A., & Hartmann, H. (2023). Factors affecting technology integration in colleges of edu-cation. International Journal of Studies in Education and Science, 4(2), 176-194. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijses.69
Ashari, N., Suhendri, H., & Widodo, S. A. (2020). Development of Android-based mathematics learning media. Semantik Conference of Mathematics Education (SEMANTIK 2019). 41-49. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200827.115
Dodt, M., Fasold, F., & Memmert, D. (2023). Personality profile of amateur team handball referees. German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research, 53(3), 253-265. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12662-022-00837-8
Guo, K., & Shihan, P. (2011). CAI teaching design and development for referee scoring of table tennis. 2011 International Conference on Multimedia Technology, 2995-2997. https://doi.org/10.1109/icmt.2011.6001962
Guo, M. (2023). The construction of curriculum system and training scheme for the advanced football referee course of Shandong Technology and Business University. Curriculum and Teaching Methodology, 6(11), 51-56. https://doi.org/10.23977/curtm.2023.061110
Gupta, B., & Koo, Y. (2010). Applications of mobile learning in higher education: An empirical study. International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education (IJICTE), 6(3), 75-87. https://doi.org/10.4018/jicte.2010070107
Hamzah, A. (2018). Mapping the determining factors of mobile learning adoption in high school. Pro-ceedings of the 2018 2nd International Conference on Education and E-Learning, 136 – 139. https://doi.org/10.1145/3291078.3291082
Handayani, G. (2020). Development of motor learning model based on game and fun activities. 1st Pro-gress in Social Science, Humanities and Education Research Symposium (PSSHERS 2019), 398-401. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200824.095
Hardi, R., & Servanda, Y. (2021). Integration of academic mobile applications at university. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1807/1/012035
Herliana, M. N., Millah, H., & Purnama, S. (2022). Development of table tennis learning media based on Android applications. Halaman Olahraga Nusantara: Jurnal Ilmu Keolahragaan, 5(1), 189-203. https://doi.org/10.31851/hon.v5i1.6782
Hughes, C., Costley, J., & Lange, C. (2019). The effects of multimedia video lectures on extraneous load. Distance Education, 40(1), 54-75. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2018.1553559
Humairah, N., Muchtar, Z., & Sitorus, M. (2020). The development of Android-based interactive multi-media for high school students. The 5th Annual International Seminar on Transformative Edu-cation and Educational Leadership (AISTEEL 2020), 113-119. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201124.027
Hur, J. W., & Oh, J. (2012). Learning, engagement, and technology: Middle school students' three-year experience in pervasive technology environments in South Korea. Journal of Educational Com-puting Research, 46(3), 295-312. https://doi.org/10.2190/ec.46.3.e
Ibieta, A., Hinostroza, J. E., Labbé, C., & Claro, M. (2017). The role of the internet in teachers’ professional practice: Activities and factors associated with teacher use of ICT inside and outside the class-room. Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 26(4), 425-438. https://doi.org/10.1080/1475939x.2017.1296489
Indah, I. R. S., Effendi, H., Lapisa, R., & Wulansari, R. E. (2023). Development of Android-based learning media in information communication technology (ICT) at senior high school. Indonesian Jour-nal of Computer Science, 12(4), 1737-1748. https://doi.org/10.33022/ijcs.v12i4.3323
Indawati, N. (2021). Learning motivation, media, and reading ability on student achievement in social science. 5th Asian Education Symposium 2020 (AES 2020), 130-134. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210715.027
Irawan, A., Febriyanti, C., Kencanawaty, G., & Rangka, I. B. (2020). The design and development of An-droid-based “Puzzle Games” mathematics learning media. 1st Progress in Social Science, Hu-manities and Education Research Symposium (PSSHERS 2019), 575-578. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200824.133
Kou, Y. (2022). Construction and application of curriculum system of design major integrating envi-ronmental protection and big data. Journal of Environmental and Public Health, 2022(1), 7496172, 01-15. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7496172
Lian, D., & Xiu-zhen, S. (2011). Study of multimedia application in modern education. 2011 6th IEEE Joint International Information Technology and Artificial Intelligence Conference. 133-135. https://doi.org/10.1109/ITAIC.2011.6030168
Lubis, L. H., Febriani, B., Yana, R. F., Azhar, A., & Darajat, M. (2023). The use of learning media and its effect on improving the quality of student learning outcomes. International Journal of Educa-tion, Social Studies, and Management (IJESSM), 3(2), 7-14. https://doi.org/10.52121/ijessm.v3i2.148
Morphitou, R. N. (2014). The use of smartphones among students in relation to their education and so-cial life. 2014 International Conference on Interactive Mobile Communication Technologies and Learning (IMCL2014), 315-319. https://doi.org/10.1109/IMCTL.2014.7011155
Moshayedi, A. J., Chen, Z., Liao, L., & Li, S. (2019). Kinect based virtual referee for table tennis game: TTV (Table Tennis Var System). 2019 6th International Conference on Information Science and Con-trol Engineering (ICISCE), 354-359. https://doi.org/10.1109/icisce48695.2019.00077
Mykhailyuk, I., Shopsha, M. M., Бачуріна, Н., Shopsha, O. L., & Коляденко, Н. (2024). Increasing the level of communicative competence and group interaction of athletes based on the implemen-tation of mobile training plans. Retos, 57, 279-290. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.104045
Nabila, A., & Usman, O. (2019). Influence of media education, discipline and family environment on student learning motivation. SSRN Electronic Journal, 3414978. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3414978
Patton, J. E., Stinard, T. A., & Routh, D. K. (1983). Where do children study? The Journal of Educational Research, 76(5), 280–286. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03330575
Putri, A. Y., Kasih, I., Sinulingga, A., & Hasibuan, S. (2023). The development of volleyball teaching media based on android applications for students of physical education, health and recreation depart-ment in State University of Medan. Randwick International of Education and Linguistics Sci-ence Journal, 4(2), 363–374. https://doi.org/10.47175/rielsj.v4i2.712
Saraswati, D. L., Mulyaningsih, N. N., Asih, D. A. S., & Ardy, V. (2020). Development of learning media-based digital book on modern physics learning. 1st International Conference on Folklore, Lan-guage, Education and Exhibition (ICOFLEX 2019), 338-343. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201230.063
Schwager, S., & Stylianou, M. (2012). Table top tennis: A vehicle for teaching sportspersonship and re-sponsibility. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 83(7), 27–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2012.10598809
Sepulveda, R. A. Y., Hinojosa-Torres, C., Cortés-Roco, G., & Zavala-Crichton, J. P. (2024). Aprendizaje basado en proyectos y gamificación como estrategias de aprendizaje en la formación de profe-sores de Educación Física (Project-based learning and gamification as learning strategies in physical education teacher training). Retos, 60, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v60.107939
Serna, L. A. (1989). Implications of student motivation on study skills instruction. Academic Therapy, 24(4), 503–514. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1989-27630-001
Shoraevna, Z., Eleupanovna, Z., Tashkenbaevna, S., Zulkarnayeva, Z., Anatolevna, L., & Nurlanbekovna, U. (2021). Teachers’ views on the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in education environments. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET), 16(3), 261–273. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v16i03.18801
Siagian, A. O. (2021). Learning Outcomes in Sports and Health Education Students: Correlational Study between Perceptions, Student Attitudes and Motivation in Learning. INSPIREE Indonesian Sport Innovation Review, 2(1), 72–84. https://doi.org/10.53905/inspiree.v2i1.32
Simatupang, H., Purnama, D., & Simatupang, Z. (2020). The development of best practice handbook learning strategy based on flip book to support blended learning processes. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1462/1/012014
Siregar, S., & Hasibuan, R. (2023). Effectiveness of digital table tennis teaching materials in improving students' cognitive ability. Kinestetik: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Jasmani, 7(3), 608–618. https://doi.org/10.33369/jk.v7i3.28252
Sismahendra, W., Rusdiana, A., & Yudiana, Y. (2020). Improved understanding of student concepts and skills in volleyball learning through mobile learning. Pedagogi: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 20(2), 99–110. https://doi.org/10.24036/pedagogi.v20i2.901
Soliman, A. M. (2017). Appropriate teaching and learning strategies for the architectural design process in pedagogic design studios. Frontiers of Architectural Research, 6(2), 204–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2017.03.002
Solomon, A. V., Paik, C., Alhauli, A., & Phan, T. (2011). A decision support system for the professional soccer referee in time-sensitive operations. 2011 IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium, 35-40. https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS.2011.5876851
Suharta, A., Supriadi, A., & Nurkadri, N. (2021). Design of digital based volleyball basic techniques test instrument. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), 4(2), 3170–3176. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i2.2049
Suki, N. M. (2013). Students’ dependence on smartphones: The influence of social needs, social influ-ences and convenience. Campus-Wide Information Systems, 30(2), 124–134. https://doi.org/10.1108/10650741311306309
Surina, L., & Surin, D. (2020). Implementation of the conditions for successful preparation of the de-signer for project activities. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/962/3/032045
Suryani, A. I., Febriani, T., Wulandari, R. N., Widia, F. R., & Wulandari, G. S. (2022). Technical assistance in making instructional learning media for teachers and students. Asian Journal of Community Services, 1(3), 111–120. https://doi.org/10.55927/ajcs.v1i3.960
Sutisna, D., Widodo, A., Nursaptini, N., Umar, U., Sobri, M., & Indraswati, D. (2020). An analysis of the use of smartphone in students’ interaction at senior high school. 1st Annual Conference on Educa-tion and Social Sciences (ACCESS 2019), 221-224. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200827.055
Swadesi, I. K. I., & Kanca, I. N. (2020). The development of physical sports and health education learning media based on android applications. 3rd International Conference on Innovative Research Across Disciplines (ICIRAD 2019), 373-378. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200115.061
Tlili, A., Essalmi, F., & Jemni, M. (2015). A mobile educational game for teaching computer architecture. 2015 IEEE 15th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, 161–163 . https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/ICALT.2015.133
Wang, Q. (2021). Tennis online teaching information platform based on android mobile intelligent ter-minal. Mobile Information Systems, 2021(1), 2932441, 01-11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/2932441
Wu, C., Wu, T.-C., & Lin, W.-B. (2023). Exploration of applying pose estimation techniques in table ten-nis. Applied Sciences, 13(3), 1896. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13031896
Wu, H.-C., & Chang, Y.-S. (2016). Using cloud-based mobile learning for practice-oriented education. Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 39(6), 755–764. https://doi.org/10.1080/02533839.2016.1187085
Zhang, L. (2021). Research on innovative teaching method of university physical education courses based on virtual reality technology—Taking table tennis course teaching as an example. 2021 2nd International Conference on Big Data and Informatization Education (ICBDIE), 653-657. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBDIE52740.2021.00154
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Samsuddin Siregar, Herli Pardilla, Nurman Hasibuan, Mhd Fahmi, Indra Kasih, Eva Faridah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and ensure the magazine the right to be the first publication of the work as licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of authorship of the work and the initial publication in this magazine.
- Authors can establish separate additional agreements for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (eg, to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Is allowed and authors are encouraged to disseminate their work electronically (eg, in institutional repositories or on their own website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as to a subpoena more Early and more of published work (See The Effect of Open Access) (in English).
This journal provides immediate open access to its content (BOAI, http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess) on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. The authors may download the papers from the journal website, or will be provided with the PDF version of the article via e-mail.
