Longitudinal data analysis in public health research and sports habits
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.116847Keywords:
Physical activity, longitudinal , intrinsic motivation, public healthAbstract
Introduction: Physical activity plays a fundamental role in promoting health and well-being among university populations, especially in post-pandemic contexts where an increase in sedentary behavior has been observed.
Objective: The objective of this research was to identify trends, associated factors, and possible lines of intervention to promote active lifestyles in the medium and long term among university students in Ecuador.
Methodology: A quantitative approach was applied, using a non-experimental longitudinal design with an explanatory scope. The sample consisted of 340 students from three Ecuadorian universities, who participated in three measurement points between April 2023 and October 2024. A self-administered digital questionnaire was used to collect information on sports habits, motivation, barriers, and access to infrastructure.
Results: The results revealed a sustained increase in the frequency, duration, and intensity of physical activity. Intrinsic motivation, participation in institutional programs, and access to adequate spaces were identified as key factors, while perceived barriers significantly decreased.
Discussion: The findings were consistent with previous studies in Latin America, which highlight the positive impact of university-based interventions on adherence to physical exercise, particularly after the COVID-19 lockdown.
Conclusions: It was concluded that the institutional environment played a decisive role in the recovery of active habits. It is suggested to implement university public policies that integrate sports, health, and well-being, as well as to expand research into diverse populations and contexts.
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