Relationship between emotional intelligence, burnout and health perception in a sample of football Spanish referees (Relación entre inteligencia emocional, burnout y percepción subjetiva de salud en árbitros españoles de futbol)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v44i0.91642Keywords:
soccer, referee, emotional intelligence, health, burnout, education, (futbol, árbitro, inteligencia emocional, salud, burnout, educación)Abstract
Football referees must undergo unique physical, tactical and psychological preparation to face the demands of the game and perform efficiently. Psychological factors, particularly emotional intelligence, are directly linked to sports performance, but it is also affected by other variables such as health and burnout. The objective of this study is focused on evaluating emotional intelligence and its relationship with subjective perceptions of health and burnout syndrome in Spanish football referees. Participants in the study were 4099 referees from all categories in Spain between the ages of 14 and 66 years, of which 3773 were men and 362 women. Three instruments were used: the Trait-Meta Mood Scale (TMMS-24), the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and the Oldenburg burnout inventory (OLBI). The results of the study reveal that the clarity and emotional repair dimensions of the emotional intelligence construct are inextricably connected with subjective perceptions of health, and, furthermore, that burnout acts as a mediating variable when it comes to a better perception of health. The results highlight the importance of working on psychological variables to foster better performance and the need to promote training programs to ensure efficient emotional management, eliminating disconnection and/or exhaustion syndrome that affects referee health.
Resumen. Los árbitros de futbol requieren de una singular preparación física, táctica y psicológica para hacer frente a las exigencias del partido y realizar una eficiente actuación. Los factores psicológicos y en particular la inteligencia emocional está directamente implicada en el rendimiento deportivo, pero también, está relacionada con otras variables como la salud y el burnout. El objetivo de este estudio se ha centrado en evaluar la inteligencia emocional y su relación con la percepción subjetiva de salud y el síndrome de burnout en árbitros de futbol españoles. Los participantes del estudio fueron 4099 árbitros españoles de todas las categorías entre 14 y 66 años, de los cuales 3773 fueron hombres y 326 mujeres. Se utilizaron tres instrumentos: el Trait-Meta Mood Scale (TMMS-24), el General Health Questionaire-12 (GHQ-12) y el Oldenburg burnout inventory (OLBI). Los resultados del estudio muestran que las dimensiones claridad y reparación emocional del constructo de inteligencia emocional están relacionada directamente con la percepción subjetiva de salud, y, además, el burnout actúa como variable mediadora frente una mejor percepción de salud. Los resultados destacan la importancia de entrenar las variables psicológicas para promover un mejor rendimiento y la necesidad de promover programas formativos para una eficiente gestión emocional y prevenir el síndrome por desconexión y/o agotamiento que afecta a la salud de los árbitros.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Xavier Estrada Fernandez, María Priego-Ojeda, Agnes Ros Morente, Carles Alsinet Mora

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