El poder explicativo de la ansiedad en los estados de ánimo de deportistas españoles (The explanatory power of anxiety in the mood of Spanish athletes)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i30.50259Keywords:
Ansiedad Rasgo, Ansiedad Estado, Deporte, Teoría Interconductual, Estados de Ánimo (Trait Anxiety, State Anxiety, Sport, Inter-behavioral Theory, Mood States)Abstract
La aparición de la ansiedad precompetitiva se ha asociado con múltiples variables tales como la adicción al entrenamiento, las fuentes de motivación extrínsecas, las metas de logro, la edad de los participantes, las habilidades de afrontamiento y la experiencia que se tenga en el deporte. En presente estudio utiliza la perspectiva de la teoría de Rasgo – Estado y la teoría interconductual, para analizar la varianza explicada entre las puntuaciones, del Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT) y el Competitive State Anxiety (CSAI-2), dos instrumentos utilizados en Psicología del Deporte para medir la ansiedad rasgo y estado respectivamente, además se consideró el impacto que tiene la interacción de la Ansiedad Rasgo-Estado en diversos estados de ánimo, medidos mediante el POMS. Se utilizó una muestra de 255 deportistas de diversas disciplinas, de los cuales 168 fueron hombres y 86 mujeres, la media de edad fue 20.46 años (DE = 6.08 años). Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas en las variables abordadas con respecto al sexo de los participantes y se describen el posible peso de los factores históricos en los situacionales también se reporta el modelo estructural que explica la influencia de la ansiedad rasgo sobre la ansiedad estado y su impacto en los diferentes estados de ánimo de los deportistas.
Abstract. The emergence of pre-competitive anxiety has been associated with multiple variables such as addiction to training, sources of extrinsic motivation, achievement goals, participants’ age, coping skills, and experience in sports. In this study we uses the perspective of the Trait - State and inter-behavioral theories to analyze the explained variance between scores of the Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT) and the Competitive State Anxiety (CSAI-2), two instruments used in Sports psychology for measuring trait and state anxiety respectively. In addition, the impact of the interaction of the State-trait anxiety in different moods, measured by POMS, was considered. A sample of 255 athletes (168 men, 86 women; mean age = 20.46; SD = 6.08) from various disciplines was selected. Results showed significant differences regarding participants’ gender. Also, the potential weight of historical and situational factors is described. A structural model explaining the influence of trait anxiety on state anxiety and its impact on different athletes’ moods is reported.
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